Political figures

Russell Kirk (1918-April 29, 1994) was an American political theorist and one of the founders of modern conservatism. His 1953 book The Conservative Mind is an important work on American conservative thought after World War II. In 1974, he published the book "The Foundations of American Order". In 1989, Kirk was awarded the Presidential Citizenship Medal by President Ronald Reagan.

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (English: Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American black civil rights activist. In 1955, she was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white person on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, triggering the Montgomery bus boycott. The U.S. Congress later called her "the mother of the modern civil rights movement." Both her birthday, February 4, and the day of her arrest, December 1, have become Rosa Parks Day, commemorated regularly in California and Ohio. The Jim Crow laws were implemented at that time, and there were provisions for whites and blacks to sit separately. On December 1, 1955, bus driver James F. Blake ordered Parks to give up the "black seat" he was sitting in to a white passenger because the white seats were full. However, Parks refused to obey the driver's order and was arrested by the police. Parks was not the first to oppose segregated buses. Others, including Eileen Morgan in 1946, Sarah Louise Keyes in 1955, and members of the Browder v. Gale case arrested in Montgomery a few months earlier. When NAACP organizers saw her fight in the courts, they believed Parks was the best person to use civil disobedience to fight the Alabama segregation bill, although she ultimately failed in court while Browder v. Gale succeeded. Parks' defiance and the Montgomery bus boycott became important symbols of the modern African-American civil rights movement. She became an international anti-apartheid icon. She worked with other civil rights leaders, such as local chapter president Edgar Nixon and the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., to organize events. She later became actively involved in the more radical "Black Power" movement of the late 1960s and visited the Black Panther School in Oakland. At this time, Parks was secretary of the Montgomery Local Association. She attended Highland Folk School, a center for training workers' rights and racial equality activists in Tennessee. She played the role of an ordinary citizen who was "tired of giving in". Although she would receive many honors in the future, she was suppressed at the time; she was fired from her job as a seamstress in a local department store. Eventually, she ended up in Detroit, where she temporarily worked a similar job. From 1965 to 1988, she became secretary and receptionist to African-American Congressman John Conyers. After retiring, Parks published an autobiography and lived quietly.

Eleanor Rosalynn Smith Carter (English: Eleanor Rosalynn Smith Carter, August 18, 1927 - November 19, 2023), wife of former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and former first lady of the United States. During her decades of public service, she was best known as a leading advocate for women's rights and mental health.

Ronald Harold Johnson (English: Ronald Harold Johnson, April 8, 1955 -) is an American businessman and politician who has served as the senior federal senator of Wisconsin since 2011. Johnson is a Republican. He was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He defeated Democratic Senator Lars Fingold who was seeking re-election in the 2010 Wisconsin U.S. Senate election. He defeated Fingold again in 2016 and won the 2016 Wisconsin U.S. Senate election. In 2022, he defeated Lieutenant Governor Mandela Barnes in the 2022 Wisconsin U.S. Senate election.Before entering politics，He was the CEO of a plastic products manufacturer in Oshkosh, Wis.。 Johnson entered politics because of his opposition to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. He acknowledged that the Tea Party movement helped him enter politics, but he did not consider himself a Tea Party member. When he first entered the Senate, he was well-known for his opposition to government spending and his advocacy of a balanced budget. He once blocked or opposed the budget plans proposed by the two parties on the grounds that the expenditure lacked corresponding funding sources.He also criticized the U.S. social security system，and advocated partial privatization。 Johnson has promoted a variety of political conspiracy theories, including the Biden-Ukraine conspiracy theory, the claim that vaccines cause autism, the 2020 election fraud theory, the Great Replacement theory and the September 11 conspiracy theory.He advocated alternative medicine，and push for the enactment of a right-to-try law，Allow patients to use experimental treatments。 Johnson also advocates toughening the fight against crime and tightening illegal immigration policies, expanding free trade, denying the scientific consensus on climate change, and upholding the right to keep and bear arms. From the second term onwards，johnson and donald·Trump alliance。 As chairman of the U.S. Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, he chaired investigations into Hillary Clinton, Hunter Biden, and officials involved in the FBI's investigation of the Trump campaign. During his second term, Johnson was also involved in handling Ukraine-U.S. relations, and once regarded Ukraine as an ally against Russia. However, after Russia fully invaded Ukraine in 2022, he believed that Russia's victory was inevitable, and therefore no longer supported providing military assistance to Ukraine. Because of his contacts with Ukrainian officials, Johnson became a key witness in the 2019 Trump-Ukraine scandal and subsequent Trump impeachment, which he described as an attempt to undermine Trump.During the third term，Johnson investigates corruption in federal agencies，and accuse these agencies of trying to

Rosa Luxemburg (German: Rosa Luxemburg; Polish: Róża Luksemburg; March 5, 1871 - January 15, 1919) was a Polish and German socialist thinker, politician and revolutionary, and one of the founders of the German Communist Party. On March 5, 1871, Luxemburg was born into a Jewish family in Zamosc, Poland, under the rule of Tsarist Russia. She was originally a theoretician of the Kingdom of Poland and the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. In 1898, he moved to Berlin, Germany, and joined the German Social Democratic Party. He was an important socialist theorist in the party. In 1914, German Emperor Wilhelm II launched a nationwide mobilization and declared war on Russia; on August 4 of the same year, the German Social Democratic Party voted in the Imperial Parliament to support war funding. A series of chain reactions marked the official start of World War I and the split of the Second International. All efforts by the Western European left, including Luxembourg, to avoid war over the past decade have been in vain. In order to seek a turning point, Rosa Luxemburg publicly called on the masses to refuse military service before the war began. However, she was deemed treason by the court and sentenced to one year in prison. After the German Social Democratic Party announced its support for Germany's participation in World War I, in 1915, she cooperated with Karl Liebknecht and other left-wing figures in the party to establish the Marxist revolutionary group "Spartacist League" to oppose the right-leaning forces in the party represented by Friedrich Ebert. He was imprisoned multiple times from 1915 to 1918 for publicizing his anti-war opinions. In November 1918, during the German November Revolution, she founded the Red Flag as the organ of the Spartacist League. The organization later united with the German International Communists to establish the Communist Party of Germany on December 30, 1918. "Red Flag" subsequently became the organ of the Communist Party. Rosa Luxemburg drafted the platform of the German Communist Party. She believed that the Spartacist Uprising in Berlin in January 1919 was launched under immature conditions in all aspects and was therefore a mistake. However, she still supported and personally participated in the uprising after it began. When the uprising was suppressed by the Freikorps (the Weimar regime's right-wing death squads made up of World War I veterans), Luxemburg, Liebknecht and hundreds of other supporters were arrested, tortured and killed. Because Rosa Luxemburg believed that the proletariat could not completely transform society without taking state power, she criticized Leninists and more moderate socialists (social democratic

Hata Tsutomu (Japanese: Hata Tsutomu; August 24, 1935—August 28, 2017) Japanese political figure, former prime minister of Japan.

Yuichiro Haneda (Japanese: Hata Yuichirou, July 29, 1967 - December 27, 2020) was born in Setagaya Ward, Tokyo, Japan. He graduated from the Faculty of Letters of Tamagawa University, a member of the Democratic Party of Japan, and is the 17th Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan.

Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy, Sr. (September 6, 1888 - November 18, 1969) was an American businessman, politician, and member of the Democratic Party of the United States. He served as the U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom (1938-1940) and Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (1934-1935). Joseph was a second-generation member of the Kennedy family and the eldest son of Patrick J. Kennedy.

Nie Jifeng (guī) (1855-1911), courtesy name Zhongfang, was born in Hengshan, Hunan. He was a bureaucratic capitalist in the late Qing Dynasty. He was the son of Nie Yifeng and the son-in-law of Zeng Guofan. He served as governor of Zhejiang and founded the privately owned Shanghai Hengfeng Textile New Bureau.

Juan Domingo Perón (Spanish: Juan Domingo Perón, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwan doˈmiŋɡo peˈɾon]; October 8, 1895 – July 1, 1974) was an Argentine soldier and politician who served as President of Argentina three times (he is Argentina's second-longest-serving president so far, and the first president elected by universal suffrage of men and women) and once as de facto vice-president. He founded the Justice Party with his wife Eva Peron and led the Peronist movement. He participated in the April 3rd Revolution, which ended the infamous decade. After establishing an alliance with the Socialists and Revolutionary Syndicalists, he served successively as Director of National Labor, Secretary of the Secretariat of Labor and Welfare, Minister of War, and Vice President of Argentina. As National Labor Director and Secretary General of Labor, he took measures that benefited the labor sector and brought labor laws into effect, promoting the collective bargaining system, rural labor regulations, labor tribunals and extension of the retirement system to commercial employees. These measures gained support from the labor movement and opposition from the business sector, high-income earners, and US Ambassador Spruill Braden, triggering a widespread anti-Peronist movement after 1945. In October of that year, an internal coup forced his resignation and his subsequent arrest, which triggered a workers' march on October 17, 1945, demanding Peron's release. That year, he married María Eva Duarte, who played an important political role during Perón's presidency. He was elected president in the 1946 election. Later, he consolidated the three political parties that supported him into the United Revolutionary Party (Partido Único de la Revolución), which was later renamed the Peronist Party. Following the 1949 constitutional amendment, he was re-elected in the 1951 Argentine presidential election. In addition to continuing to pursue policies that benefited marginalized groups, his government also implemented nationalization and industrialization policy lines, especially in the textile industry, metallurgy, defense industry, transportation industry, and foreign trade. In the context of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, he chose the third position. During Peron's last year in power, conflicts with the Catholic Church intensified conflicts between Peronists and anti-Peronists, and as a result, the government intensified its persecution of the opposition and opposition media. Peron was overthrown in September 1955 after a series of violent acts by anti-Peronist civil and military groups, notably the 1955 Plaza de Mayo bombing.

Ho Chi Minh (Vietnamese: Hồ Chí Minh / Ho Chi Minh, pronounced: [hò cǐ mīŋ]; May 19, 1890 - September 2, 1969), formerly known as Nguyen Bicheng, used to be known as Patriot and Qiu Weng, his childhood name was Nguyen Sheng Khong (also known as Nguyen Sheng Kun), and he was affectionately known as "Uncle Ho" (Bác Hồ). "Ho Chi Minh" was a pseudonym he used during his revolutionary activities during World War II, and later became his common name. Ho Chi Minh was a famous Vietnamese socialist revolutionary, military strategist and politician in the 20th century, and the main founder of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). He was one of the founders of the Communist Party of Indochina (the predecessor of today’s Communist Party of Vietnam), the Communist Party of France, and participated in the creation of the Vietnam People’s Army. Ho Chi Minh served as Chairman and First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam (later renamed General Secretary), and served as the first Chairman of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Prime Minister of the Government and other important positions. The revolutionary theory and ideological system he advocated were summarized as Ho Chi Minh Thought, which still has an important influence on Vietnamese politics and society.

Hu Yuzhi (September 9, 1896 - January 16, 1986), formerly known as Xueyu, with the courtesy name Ziru, male, was a native of Shangyu, Zhejiang, a publisher, social activist and politician of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China, and a former deputy national leader. Vice Chairman of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Vice Chairman of the Sixth National People's Congress Standing Committee, and Acting Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League.

Hu Chengzhong (1961-), native of Yueqing, Zhejiang, Han nationality, political figure of the People's Republic of China, member of the 10th and 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He serves as a member of the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, Vice Chairman of the Zhejiang Federation of Industry and Commerce, and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Delixi Group Co., Ltd. In 2008, he was elected as a member of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, representing the economic sector and classified into the 37th group. On February 24, 2018, he was elected as a representative of the 13th National People's Congress.

Huma Mahmood Abedin (English: Huma Mahmood Abedin, born July 28, 1975) is an American political staffer who has long served as a senior aide to Hillary Clinton.

Hu Jintao (December 21, 1942 -), whose ancestral home is Jixi, Anhui, was born in Tai County, Jiangsu (now Taizhou, Jiangsu). He was a former national-level leader and graduated from the Department of Water Conservancy Engineering of Tsinghua University. He served as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 2002 to 2012, the President of the People's Republic of China from 2003 to 2013, and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and the Chairman of the State Military Commission from 2004 to 2013. He is the top leader of the fourth generation of the Chinese party, government, and military. The central leadership collective during his tenure is known as the "Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary."

Hu Feng (November 2, 1902 - June 8, 1985), formerly known as Zhang Guangren, with pen names such as Gu Fei, Gao Huang, Zhang Guo, etc., was born in Qichun, Hubei Province. He was a Chinese literary theorist, literary critic, translator, July Party poet, and one of the representatives of Chinese left-wing culture. He once served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the Chinese Left-wing Writers Alliance and had close contacts with Lu Xun. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was criticized for its discord between its literary and artistic ideas and mainstream social thought, and set off a huge political criticism movement. He was rehabilitated after the reform and opening up.

Shu Hongyi (1867-1947), whose first name was Hongyi, also had the courtesy name Bingru and Binru. His ancestral home is Huaining, Anhui, and he was born in Anqing, Anhui. Politicians of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.

Masuzoe Yōichi (Japanese: /Maszoe Yoichi, Romanized: Masuzoe Yōichi, November 29, 1948 -), was born in Hachiman Higashi District, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture; graduated from the political course of the Faculty of Law of the University of Tokyo. Japanese politician and international relations scholar. Former Governor of Tokyo. Former Senator. Former Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare. Former leader of the New Party Reform Party. On June 15, 2016, Kaname Sunzoe formally submitted his resignation to the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly due to the corruption incident. The resignation took effect on June 21 of the same year. His resignation triggered the 2016 Tokyo governor election.

Ai Ping (August 1953-), a native of Wuhan, Hubei. Male, Han nationality, politician and diplomat of the People's Republic of China. He joined the team in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi Province in January 1969, studied at Beijing Foreign Studies University in September 1973, and joined the Communist Party of China in June 1977. In September 1979, he went to Canada to study. He has been working in the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee since October 1977, and has successively served as deputy director, director, director of the African Bureau, and director of the First Bureau. In 2001, he succeeded Jiang Zhengyun as the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to Ethiopia. In 2004, Lin Lin took over. From May 2010 to March 2014, he served as deputy minister of the International Liaison Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

Ida Saxton McKinley (June 8, 1847 - May 26, 1907), wife of William McKinley, the 25th President of the United States, and former First Lady of the United States (1897-1901).

Jun Ashida (November 15, 1887 - June 20, 1959) was a Japanese diplomat and politician.

Sukarno (Indonesian: Sukarno/Soekarno, birth name: Koesno Sosrodihardjo; June 6, 1901 - June 21, 1970) was an Indonesian (Indonesian) politician, leader of the Indonesian national independence movement and the first President of Indonesia. He was in office for 22 years and concurrently served as Prime Minister of Indonesia from 1959 to 1966. Because his pro-communist stance was overturned by Suharto, he was placed under house arrest from 1967 until his death. His eldest daughter Megawati became the fifth president.

Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi Gandhi; November 19, 1917 - October 31, 1984), also known as Mrs. Gandhi in Chinese, was the third Prime Minister of India. She served as Prime Minister twice from 1966 to 1977 and from 1980 to 1984, and was assassinated in the second term. Indira Gandhi is the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister after independence, and is considered one of the most famous and controversial political figures in modern India. On the one hand, she made a lot of contributions to India's development during the Cold War, maintained a non-alignment policy, and maintained close relations with the United States and the Soviet Union. Later generations called her the Iron Lady of India.

Motegi Toshimitsu (Japanese: Motegi Toshimitsu/Motegi Toshimitsu, Romanized: Motegi Toshimitsu, October 7, 1955 -), a politician from the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, currently acting as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Prime Minister of Japan (second in the order of appointment) and a member of the House of Representatives for the 5th District of Tochigi Prefecture. Motegi has served as Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, Minister in Charge of the Cabinet Office, Secretary-General of the Liberal Democratic Party, Chairman of the Liberal Democratic Party Government Affairs Investigation, and Chairman of the Election Countermeasures Committee of the Liberal Democratic Party. He once belonged to the Heisei Research Society (Motegi faction) within the Liberal Democratic Party and served as the faction president.