Jawaharlal Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru (Hindi: जवरहरलरल नेहरू; November 14, 1889 - May 27, 1964) was the first Prime Minister of India after independence and the longest-serving Prime Minister of India. In 1952, India won the first general election and was re-elected as Prime Minister. He was a leader of the Indian independence movement, advocating for India's independence from the British Empire, and is better known as the founder of the Non-Aligned Movement. India became independent in 1947, and Nehru was elected as India's first prime minister. Nehru played a key role in the Indian independence movement and was trusted by Gandhi to become his successor. Nehru was an advocate of Fabianism throughout his life. As Prime Minister, Nehru implemented economic, social and political reform plans after the promulgation of the Indian Constitution in 1950. Nehru oversaw India's transition to a republic and institutionalized democracy and a multi-party system in India. In diplomacy, Nehru played a leading role in the Non-Aligned Movement. After India's independence, Nehru always attached great importance to the performance of the public sector, making his economic policies full of socialism. Although Nehru valued democracy, his diplomatic stance was seen as being close to the Soviet Union and alienated from the United States and pro-American countries. The Non-Aligned Movement he led was also seen as having a similar stance. In 1956, he strongly condemned the invasion of Egypt by Britain and France, but said nothing about the Soviet invasion of Hungary in the same year. Nehru's political achievements can be summarized as the creation of India with the separation of politics and religion, a democratic republic with a parliamentary system, and the granting of equal citizenship rights to all castes. His political thought is known as Nehruvianism.