Queen Victoria

Victoria (English: Victoria; May 24, 1819 - January 22, 1901), whose real name was Alexandrina Victoria, was the Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901. She was crowned Queen of India in 1876. His reign witnessed Britain's most glorious achievements in industry, politics, science and military fields, and was accompanied by large-scale colonial expansion, and is called the Victorian era. Queen Victoria's reign lasted 63 years, longer than any previous monarch. This record was not broken until more than a century later by Elizabeth II. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward (the fourth son of George III) and Princess Victoria from Germany. She was not the first heir to the throne, and neither of her parents were monarchs. After the death of her father and grandfather in 1820, she grew up under the strict supervision of her mother and the royal comptroller John Conroy. Since her father's three brothers had no legitimate children, Victoria became the heir to the royal family. In 1837, Victoria's uncle William IV died, Victoria succeeded to the throne and was crowned the following year. As a constitutional monarch, she tries to influence government policies and ministerial appointments in private; in public, she becomes a national symbol and is seen as the embodiment of strict personal moral standards. In 1840, Victoria married her cousin Prince Albert, who was the same age as her. Their nine children married royal nobles from various European countries, earning her the nickname "Grandmother of Europe". The later German Emperor Wilhelm II was her grandson. After the death of Prince Albert in 1861, Victoria fell into long-term mourning and avoided public activities. This secluded life caused a surge in British republicanism, but she regained the love of the people later in her reign. Its golden and diamond jubilee became a national celebration. In 1876, she was crowned the Queen of India. In January 1901, Victoria, 81, died at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. As the last British monarch of the Hanoverian dynasty, his son Edward VII succeeded to the throne and started the Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasties.