Nobusuke Kishi

Kishi Nobusuke (Japanese: Kishi Nobusuke/Kishi Nobusuke, Romanized: Kishi Nobusuke (November 13, 1896 - August 7, 1987), nee Sato, was a Japanese politician who was born in Yamaguchi Town, Yoshiki County, Yamaguchi Prefecture (now Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture). He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Minister), Prime Minister (Prime Minister), and President of the Liberal Democratic Party. He was known as the "Yōkai of Showa" (Yōkai of Showa) and the "Yōkai of Manchuria" (Demon of Yoshu). Nobusuke Kishi graduated from the Faculty of Law of Tokyo Imperial University in 1917. In the same year, he entered the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and served as a clerk in the Provincial Documentary Division, Temporary Industrial Bureau and other departments. After 1925, he successively served as the director of the Public Works, Clerical and Statistics Section of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and was promoted to the Director of Public Works in 1935. He once served as Director-General of the General Affairs Department of the Ministry of Industry of Manchukuo, Deputy Director of the Ministry of Industry and Deputy Director of the General Affairs Department. Together with Kwantung Army Chief of Staff Hideki Tojo, Manchukuo General Affairs Department Director Hoshino Naoki, Manchukuo Railway President Matsuoka Yosuke, and Manchuria Heavy Industries Development Co., Ltd. President Nagawa Yoshisuke, they are known as the "Manchuria Big Five". Nobusuke Kishi later served as Minister of Commerce and Industry in Tojo Hideki's cabinet in 1942, and countersigned Emperor Showa's edict declaring war on the United States. After Japan surrendered in World War II in 1945, Nobusuke Kishi was imprisoned for three years as a "Class A war criminal" suspect by the US-led General Headquarters Allied Forces in Japan (GHQ) for his exploitative policies in Manchukuo and his participation in Tojo Hideki's cabinet. However, in the end, GHQ did not prosecute him, so there was no trial. Release him; at that time, the communist forces represented by the Soviet Union spread to the Far East and kicked off the Cold War with the Western world; Japan naturally became the front line to contain the red ideology. Because of Kishi Nobusuke's strong pro-American and anti-communist tendencies, the U.S. government regarded him as a candidate suitable to lead post-war Japan. Nobusuke Kishi consolidated the right-wing conservative camp with the support of the United States to resist the spread of the left-wing ideological trend of the Japanese Socialist Party. In 1955, he united other conservative parties to merge into the Liberal Democratic Party. He was the founder of the 55-year system, which firmly established the conservatives as the largest party in Japanese politics for the next thirty years. From 1957 to 1960, when Nobusuke Kishi was prime minister, the Japanese government signed the "U.S.-Japan Security Treaty". Later, he resigned due to his improper response to demonstrations.