Evariste Galois

Evariste Galois (French: Évariste Galois, French pronunciation: [evaʁist ɡalwa]; October 25, 1811 - May 31, 1832), also translated as Galois, was a French mathematician. When he was only a teenager, he discovered the necessary and sufficient conditions for polynomials of degree n to be solved using radicals, solving a problem that had long plagued the mathematical community. His work laid the foundation for Galois theory, a major branch of abstract algebra, and research in the field of Galois connections. He was the first person to use the mathematical term "group" to refer to a set of permutations, and is called the founder of modern group theory together with Niels Abel. During the Restoration of Louis Philippe, he was a radical republican and was arrested and imprisoned. After being released from prison at the age of twenty, he died in a nearly suicidal duel, causing various speculations.