People Library

Thomas Crombie Schelling (English: Thomas Crombie Schelling, April 14, 1921 - December 13, 2016), American economist, sociologist, and professor at the School of Public Policy at the University of Maryland. His research fields are foreign affairs, national security, nuclear strategy, and weapons control. Its theory is partly inherited from the mathematical sociologist James Samuel Coleman, who jointly won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Economics with Robert Auman for "improving our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game theory analysis." He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association. In 1991, he served as president of the American Economic Association. In 1995, he served as president of the Eastern Economic Association.

Thomas Gilding, English painter and etcher. Gilding was born in Southwark, London, to a successful rope manufacturer. His father died of illness when he was young, and his mother married Wagen, a draftsman. Gilding studied painting with his stepfather and later with the metal engraver Edward Doyers, and he also met J. Toner.

Thomas Hardy, OM (June 2, 1840 - January 11, 1928), a British writer, was born in a declining aristocratic family in the countryside.

Thomas Hitzlsperger (German: Thomas Hitzlsperger, April 5, 1982 -) is a retired German male professional football player who plays as a midfielder. He became famous at Aston Villa, and later returned to his country to play for Stuttgart, and then joined Serie A Lazio, Premier League Wesham and Bundesliga Wolfsburg.

Thomas Samuel Kuhn (English: Thomas Samuel Kuhn, July 18, 1922 - June 17, 1996), American physicist, historian of science and philosopher of science, represented by "Copernican Revolution" and "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions". His most famous work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), established a well-known discussion basis for contemporary scientific thought research; whether for approval or criticism, he can be said to be the most influential history of science and philosopher of science, and his works have also been cited in a wide range of fields outside of the history of science. The New York Times believes that with this book, the word paradigm has become one of the most commonly used words in contemporary times.

Paul Thomas Mann (German: Paul Thomas Mann, June 6, 1875 - August 12, 1955), German writer, won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1929.

Thomas Jefferson (English: Thomas Jefferson, April 13, 1743 - July 4, 1826), the third president of the United States (1801-1809). He is also the main drafter of the American Declaration of Independence and one of the most influential among the founding fathers of the United States. Major events during his tenure include the Louisiana Purchase (1803), the Embargo Act of 1807, the Lewis and Clark Exploration (1804-1806), etc. As a political scientist, Jefferson adhered to classical liberalism and republicanism and formulated the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1779, 1786); this law later became the basis for the creation of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and Jeffersonian democracy was named after him. In 1792, Jefferson founded and led the Democratic-Republican Party (the predecessor of the Democratic Party). Jefferson served as the second Governor of Virginia (1779-1781), the first U.S. Secretary of State (1789-1793), and the second Vice President of the United States (1797-1801). In 1800, Jefferson defeated Adams, who was running for re-election, and was elected as the third president of the United States. After that, the party he founded ruled the United States for a quarter of a century until the split in 1824. In addition to his political career, Jefferson was also an expert in agriculture, horticulture, architecture, etymology, archaeology, mathematics, cryptography, surveying and paleontology; he was also a writer, lawyer and violinist; he was also the founder of the University of Virginia. Many people believe that he is the wisest among all the previous U.S. presidents. Later, at a dinner party for 49 Nobel Prize winners in 1962, then-President John F. Kennedy said in his speech to the social elite in the room: "I feel that the White House tonight has the greatest gathering of talent and human knowledge--perhaps excluding the time when Jefferson was dining here alone." In the 2005 America Online poll "The Greatest American", Jefferson was voted the 12th greatest American figure.

Thomas Alva Edison (English: Thomas Alva Edison; February 11, 1847 - October 18, 1931) was an American scientist, inventor, entrepreneur, and engineer known for his contributions to incandescent lamps, phonographs, electrical distribution systems, and motion pictures. He held 1,093 patents. His company, Edison General Electric Company, merged with Thomson-Houston Electric Company in 1892 to form General Electric Company. Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, in 1847, grew up in Michigan, and received little formal education. He was deaf at an early age and began working as a railway telegraph operator at an early age, working to improve the telegraph system. In 1869, Edison sold several of his early inventions and moved to New York City to focus on engineering. Edison and his first wife, Mary, had three children, but he neglected to take care of them. Edison subsequently received capital injections with the help of friends, and in 1876 he owned a telegraph recorder factory in Newark. He also established his first laboratory facility in Menlo Park, New Jersey, where many of his early inventions were made. He later established a botanical laboratory in Fort Myers, Florida, working with industrialists Henry Ford and Harvey S. Firestone, and built a laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey, which housed the world's first movie studio, Black Maria. Edison's most famous patented inventions are the light bulb, the phonograph, the kinetoscope, the direct current system, and the wax printing cylinder, which have had a great impact on the world. One of the two greatest patents of his life was the phonograph, which could retain and play sound; the other was a controversial patent, the light bulb known to the world. After a long court battle of six years, Edison finally succeeded in obtaining the patent. Edison was also one of the first inventors to apply the principles of organizational science and teamwork to the invention process, collaborating with many researchers and employees. He also founded the first industrial research laboratory. Edison holds 1,093 patents in the United States, and more than 150 patents in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and other countries, making him one of the inventors with the most patents in American history. Edison was married twice and had six children. Edison died at his home in West Orange, New Jersey, in 1931 at the age of 84 due to complications from diabetes.

Tomas Gösta Tranströmer (Swedish: Tomas Gösta Tranströmer, April 15, 1931 - March 26, 2015, born in Stockholm, Sweden) is one of the best poets in Sweden today, as well as a psychologist and translator. He has authored more than ten volumes of poetry, which have been translated into more than 30 languages, especially Dutch, English and Hungarian. Tranström published his first collection of poems "17 Poems" in 1954, which caused a sensation in the Swedish poetry world and became a highlight of the Swedish poetry scene in the 1950s. After becoming famous, he successively published poetry collections "Secrets on the Road" (1958), "The Half-Complete Sky" (1962), and "Tone and Footsteps" (19 66), "Seeing the Dark" (1970), "The Path" (1973), "Obstacles of Truth" (1978) and "Savage Square" (1983), "For the Living and the Dead" (1989), "The Sorrowful Gondola" (1996), etc., has won a number of international and Swedish literary awards, and has considerable international influence. Tranström has been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature many times, and finally won the award in 2011, "because through his concise and transparent imagery, we experience the real world in a new way."

Thomas Sowell (English: Thomas Sowell, June 30, 1930 -), is an American economist, social theorist, and senior fellow at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University. Sowell was born in North Carolina and raised in Harlem, New York. He dropped out of Stuyvesant High School and served in the Marine Corps during the Korean War. After returning to the United States, Sowell entered Harvard University and graduated with honors in 1958. He received a master's degree from Columbia University in 1959 and a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1968. Sowell has served on the faculty of several universities, including Cornell University and UCLA. He also works at think tanks such as the Urban Institute. Since 1980, he has worked at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, where he currently serves as the Ross and Milton Friedman Senior Fellow in Public Policy. Sowell writes from both a libertarian and a conservative perspective. Sowell wrote more than thirty books, and his work has been widely anthologised. A recipient of the National Humanities Medal, his scholarship blends history, economics, and political science.

Sir Thomas More (English: Sir Thomas More; February 7, 1478 - July 6, 1535), an English politician, writer, philosopher and utopian socialist, was one of the representatives of the Northern Renaissance. In 1516, he wrote the book "Utopia" in Latin. This book had a great influence on the future development of socialist thought and is considered "the starting point of the five hundred years of socialist development history." Born in a family of judges in London in 1478, he served as a lawyer, deputy finance minister, minister of the Duchy of Lancaster, speaker of the House of Commons, and chief justice. In 1535, he was executed by Henry VIII for opposing the creation of the Anglican Church in England and the implementation of the policy of theocracy. In 1935, Pope Pius XI canonized Thomas More as a saint, and in 2000, John Paul II declared Thomas More the patron saint of statesmen and politicians.

Thomas Morgenstern (German: Thomas Morgenstern, born October 30, 1986) is an Austrian male ski jumping athlete. He represented Austria in ski jumping at the 2006, 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics, winning three gold medals and one silver medal.

St. Thomas Aquinas (Latin: St. Thomas Aquinas; Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino; approximately 1225 - March 7, 1274; often translated as Thomas Aquinas or Thomas Aquinas) was a European medieval scholastic philosopher and theologian. He is one of the earliest advocates of natural theology and the founder of Thomism. He has become an important basis for Catholic philosophical research for a long time. His most famous work is the "Summa Theologica". The Catholic Church believes that Aquinas is the greatest theologian in history, and ranks him as one of the 36 Church Doctors, also known as the King of Theology and Dr. Angel (Angelic Doctor).

Thomas Hobbes (English: Thomas Hobbes, April 5, 1588 - December 4, 1679) was a British political philosopher and the founder of the modern liberal political philosophy system. He also created a complete system of mechanical materialism, believing that the universe is the sum of all mechanically moving extended objects. He proposed the theory of "state of nature" and the origin of the state, believing that the state was formed by people entering into a contract to abide by "natural law" and was a man-made robot. When the monarch can fulfill the responsibilities of ensuring the safety of the people as stipulated in the contract, the people should be completely loyal to the monarch. His book Leviathan, published in 1651, laid the foundation for all subsequent developments in Western political philosophy. Hobbes's thoughts had a profound influence on subsequent Montesquieu and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, but at the same time, his social contract theory had its own uniqueness compared with absolute monarchy. Although Hobbes is best known for his works on political philosophy, he also wrote on many other subjects, including history, geometry, ethics, physics, theology, and law. In addition, Hobbes believed that human behavior is self-centred, which has also become an important theory in philosophical anthropology research.

Jan-Ove Waldner, in Sweden commonly J-O Waldner or simply mononymously as J-O, is a Swedish former professional table tennis player. He is often referred to as "the Mozart of table tennis." A sporting legend in his native Sweden as well as in China, he is known in China as old tile Lǎo Wǎ 'Old Wa' or evergreen tree Cháng Qīng Shù 'Evergreen Tree', because of his extraordinary longevity and competitiveness.

Yang Likun (July 8, 1960 -), French name Yann André Le Cun (French: Yann André Le Cun, pronounced: [jan ɑdʁe ləkœə];), is a French computer scientist and the winner of the 2018 Turing Award. He has made many contributions in the fields of machine learning, computer vision, mobile robots and computational neuroscience. He is best known for his work using convolutional neural networks in optical character recognition and computer vision. Yang Likun created the DjVu image compression technology with Leon Botto and Patrick Haffner, and developed the Lush language with Leon Botto. In 2019, he, Joshua Bengio and Jeffrey Hinton jointly won the Turing Award, the highest award in computer science.

Giannis Sina Ougko Antetokounmpo (December 6, 1994 -), a Greek male basketball player, is a power forward and currently plays for the NBA Miami Heat, nicknamed "Greek Freak". Because he has the most letters among current NBA players, he is also known as "The Alphabet". He has one brother, Thanasis, and two brothers, Alex and Costas. Antetokounmpo was selected as the 75 NBA Stars in 2021. Antetokounmpo is the 13th highest-paid athlete in the world in 2024 ($97,800,000).

Mamoru Oshii (Japanese: Oshii Mamoru/Delicious Protect, Romanized: Oshii Mamoru, August 8, 1951 -), was born in Ota Ward, Tokyo, Japan. He is a Japanese animation and film director. Novelist, screenwriter, cartoonist, playwright and game designer. He also serves as a distinguished professor at the Graduate School of the University of Tokyo and a visiting professor at Tokyo Keizai University. As of 2021, he lives in Atami City, Shizuoka Prefecture. Mamoru Oshii's representative works include "Fukusei Boy", "Patlabor", "Ghost in the Shell", etc. In 2004, he won the Japan SF Grand Prize for the theatrical animation "Ghost in the Shell 2: INNOCENCE".

Rush Hudson Limbaugh III (English: Rush Hudson Limbaugh III, January 12, 1951 - February 17, 2021) was an American right-wing radio host and journalist, author, and libertarian activist.

Ratan Naval Tata, GBE (English: Ratan Naval Tata; December 28, 1937 - October 9, 2024), Indian entrepreneur, born in Surat, Gujarat, India, chairman of the Tata Group (1991-2012).

Rahm Emanuel (English: Rahm Emanuel, November 29, 1959 -), American politician, Democrat, former U.S. Ambassador to Japan (31st). A former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 2003 to 2009, he became the White House Chief of Staff after Barack Obama took office. In 2010, he resigned as White House chief of staff to run for mayor of Chicago. His candidacy was once subject to a legal challenge due to his length of residence in Chicago, but later the Illinois Supreme Court recognized his qualifications. He was finally elected on February 22, 2011, and took office on May 16, becoming the 55th and first Jewish mayor of Chicago. Emanuel was a senior adviser to President Bill Clinton. In 2006, he served as chairman of the Democratic Campaign Committee, leading the Democratic Party to a resounding victory in that year's congressional election and regaining control of Congress. In 2022, he was nominated by President Joe Biden to succeed William Hagerty as the 31st U.S. Ambassador to Japan. He will retire from office on January 20, 2025 and return to China.

Ralph Lauren, KBE (English: Ralph Lauren, October 14, 1939 -), American fashion designer and business owner; best known for his Polo Ralph Lauren clothing brand.

Ralph Johnson Bench was an American political scientist and diplomat who won the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation work in Palestine in the late 1940s. In 1963, he received the Medal of Freedom from President Lyndon B. Johnson.

Raphael, whose full name is Raffaello Santi or Raffaello Sanzio, was an Italian painter and architect during the High Renaissance. He was one of the three Renaissance masters along with Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. He was born in Urbino, Marche, the son of Giovanni Santi, court painter to the Duke of Urbino. His paintings have clear compositions, clear shapes and overall balance. For hundreds of years, people have regarded him as the most outstanding painter of the High Renaissance, and the European academic painting tradition also regarded him as a classical model. It was not until the mid-19th century that this status began to shake.