Political figures

Jidi Maga (June 1961 -), male, Yi nationality, native of Zhaojue, Sichuan, writer and politician of the People's Republic of China, member of the Communist Party of China.

Shigeru Yoshida (Japanese: Yoshida Shigeru/Good. Shigeru, Romanized: Yoshida Shigeru, September 22, 1878 - October 20, 1967), a Japanese politician. Son-in-law of Japanese political veteran, former Foreign Ministry bureaucrat, and elder Nobuhiro Makino. In 1946, shortly after the end of World War II, he became the Prime Minister of the Cabinet (Prime Minister) and was the last Prime Minister under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan. He became Prime Minister again in 1948 and was in power until 1954. During this period, he led Japan's national policy of light armed forces and economic development, which has influenced Japan to this day. He led Japan through the period of the Allied military occupation of Japan, and had a harmonious relationship with Marshal MacArthur, the commander-in-chief of the Allied Forces in Japan. From October 1950 to August 1952, due to the outbreak of the Korean War, the Japanese government gave up its military and war rights, and after confirming the support of the General Headquarters of the Allied Forces in Japan (GHQ), the Yoshida Shigeru government successively lifted the "purge" of 180,000 old Japanese militarists and returned to Japanese politics as civil servants to solve the problem of insufficient talents. In December 1954, his authoritarian style and national policy of "leaving national defense to the US military", which he had been in power for seven years, were attacked by party factions such as Hatoyama Ichiro. In addition, Ogata Taketora and other cabinet members insisted on resigning as president and refused to dissolve the Diet, which put him under great pressure. Although he stepped down, the bureaucracy of his Yoshida School still influenced Japan. Later, his most protégés Ikeda Yugi and Sato Eisaku served as Prime Ministers of Japan throughout the 1960s. They laid the foundation for Japan's post-war economic miracle and made Japan the economic power it is today. At the same time, the extremely pro-American and domestic development-focused line created by Yoshida still affects Japan to this day.

James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (English: James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr.; October 1, 1924 - December 29, 2024) was an American Democratic politician, humanitarian, and the 39th President of the United States (1977-1981). Born in Plains, Georgia, he served in the Navy and ran a peanut farm in his early years; he served in the Georgia Senate from 1963 to 1967 and as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. He then ran for president and was elected, defeating then-President Gerald Ford. During Carter's tenure as president, he created two new administrative departments: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. Faced with the persistent stagflation problem in the United States, including high inflation, high unemployment, and slow economic growth, he increased interest rates to a maximum of 20% during his tenure, which aroused opposition from some people. In terms of diplomacy, Carter actively mediated the war between Israel and Egypt, and began to improve relations with communist countries, such as promoting the formal establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China and severing diplomatic relations with the Republic of China. Carter paid much attention to human rights protection when engaging in diplomacy, and once pressured the government of the Republic of Korea, then ruled by military strongman Park Chung-hee, to improve human rights. In 1979, he signed an agreement to transfer sovereignty of the Panama Canal. In the same year, the Soviet Union entered Afghanistan. Carter ordered a grain embargo against the Soviet Union, boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics, and revoked the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty signed by both parties. In the same year, the Islamic Revolution broke out in Iran and overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty. Because the United States provided political asylum to the Shah, the Khomeini regime seized 52 hostages at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran at the end of the year, which became the Iran Hostage Crisis. Carter sent troops to rescue but the following year It failed, and the situation in Iran triggered the second oil crisis, which caused the domestic oil prices in the United States to skyrocket. It was considered that it caused him to lose to Ronald Reagan when he was seeking re-election in the presidential election of the same year. In the end, the Iran hostage crisis lasted 444 days and was not resolved until the day he left office. After leaving office, Carter actively participated in mediating wars and hostage crises. After the 9/11 attacks, he opposed the Bush administration's attack on Iraq. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. On December 29, 2024, Carter died at his home in Plains, Georgia, at the age of 100. He was the oldest president in the history of the United States and the first American president to become a popular person.

Xiang Ruikun (1883-1929), whose original name was Ruiqi and whose courtesy name was Shuyu (his first name was Shuyu), was a native of Xiangjia Duan, Quantang, Ningxiang County, Hunan Province. Politician of the Republic of China.

Lu Gengsong (January 7, 1956 -), a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, is a writer, human rights activist and political prisoner in the People's Republic of China.

Wu Daifeng (1903-September 19, 2005), formerly known as Wu Zhendong, was born in Anding, Shaanxi Province, a political figure in the People's Republic of China, and a member of the Communist Party of China.

Zhou Heping (1949-), male, was born in Shahe, Hebei Province. He once served as a middle school teacher and principal, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Ren County in Hebei Province and Yun County in Hubei Province, director of the Ministry of National Personnel, and director of the National Library of China (deputy ministerial level). He is currently a part-time professor at Nanjing University and Wuhan University, and an honorary director of the National Library of China.

Zhou Xuexi (January 12, 1866 - September 26, 1947), whose courtesy name was Ji Zhi and whose name was Zhi'an, was a native of Jiande (present-day Dongzhi), Anhui Province. He was an industrialist, politician and public figure in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Yuan Shikai's staff. The founder of Kailuan Mining Bureau, Qixin Cement Company, Huaxin Textile Company, and Yaohua Glass Company. The first president of Shandong University. The son of Zhou Fu, the governor of Liangjiang in the Qing Dynasty.

Zhou Enlai (March 5, 1898 - January 8, 1976), also known as Xiangyu and nicknamed Dayuan, was originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and was born in Huai'an, Jiangsu. Chinese proletarian revolutionist, statesman, militarist and diplomat, main leader of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China, and one of the founders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The pen names or pseudonyms that have been used include Feifei, Fei, Wu Hao, Wu, Zhou Shaoshan, Shaoshan, Guansheng, Guan, Weisi, Chen Kuan, Hu Bicheng, Zhao Lai, Zhou Xiang, Li Zhifan, Damei, Hu Gong, Moskwen, etc.

Zhou Haiying (September 27, 1929 - April 7, 2011), a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, was born in Shanghai. He was a writer, photographer, and radio expert. The only son born to Zhou Shuren (Lu Xun) and his partner Xu Guangping, he is the author of books such as "Lu Xun and Me for Seventy Years".

Zhou Shaozheng (1926-2007), male, native of Ningbo, Zhejiang, was secretary-general of the Sixth and Seventh National Committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Party Leadership Group of the Seventh National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Hakeem Sekou Jeffries (English: Hakeem Sekou Jeffries, /ˌhɑːˈkiːm/, born August 4, 1970) is an American politician and lawyer who currently serves as the minority leader of the United States House of Representatives and the leader of the House Democratic Caucus. Represents New York State's 8th Congressional District since 2013, primarily in southern and eastern Brooklyn. Before being elected to Congress in 2012, Jeffress served three terms in the New York State Assembly, representing the 57th District and as a corporate attorney. Jeffries was born and raised in Crown Ridge, Brooklyn, New York City. He attended New York University School of Law, graduating magna cum laude, and became a corporate lawyer before running for public office. His state House and congressional districts are both in Brooklyn. He served as chairman of the House Democratic Caucus from 2019 to 2023 and was elected unopposed as caucus leader in November 2022, succeeding Nancy Pelosi. This made him the first African American to serve as a party leader in either house of the United States Congress. He is considered close to the center and maintains good relations with moderate Republicans and the left wing of the Democratic Party. His votes align with those of President Joe Biden in the 117th Congress. Jeffries supports stricter gun controls and a ban on discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. He is also a staunch supporter of Israeli rights and is considered the most pro-Israel Democrat in the House.

Harvey Bernard Milk (English: Harvey Bernard Milk, May 22, 1930 - November 27, 1978) was an American LGBT rights activist and the first openly gay politician in American politics (elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1977). He was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors for District 5 in 1978. Milk, who was born and raised in New York state, knew of his homosexuality at an early age but never came out until he entered politics at the age of 40. At the beginning, he chose to go into business and often changed jobs. He could never calm down and could not tolerate boring things. In 1972, Harvey moved to San Francisco, California, and settled on Castro Street. At the time, a large number of gays and lesbians lived in the area. Harvey opened a photography store in Castro and decided to run for the City Board of Supervisors in 1973. His candidacy was a thorn in the back of gay organizations and conservatives at the time, because Harvey's views and approach to gay rights were completely different from theirs. Harvey was outspoken, impatient, energetic, and sometimes reckless. He used clever political propaganda techniques to successfully capture the media's focus and voters' votes, but unfortunately he still lost the election. He ran for office two more times but was not elected. Later, he also ran for California State House of Representatives, which greatly increased his popularity. He calls himself the "Mayor of Castro Street" and leads gays in political movements to fight against conservative anti-gay legislation. In 1977, the city of San Francisco changed the committee's election system, and Harvey was finally elected to the Fifth District of the Municipal Board of Supervisors. Milk served as a city council member for only ten months, and his main responsibility was to promote gay rights ordinances. On November 27, 1978, Harvey and then-Mayor George Mosconi were shot and killed by Dan White. White was elected as a new council member in the same term as Harvey, but he resigned due to disagreements with Mayor Mosconi and could not bear the pressure. Later, he went back on his word and wanted to return to the committee, but the mayor refused to agree, thus laying the foundation for murder. Milk went down in history in San Francisco and became a representative figure in the American gay rights movement. Before Harvey, the political climate in San Francisco had always required gay people to cooperate with conservative politicians in the Democratic Party. The main idea was to exchange repression for real purpose. Harvey's approach was completely different. He encouraged the gay community's growing influence in San Francisco and mutual exchanges.

Harry S. Truman (English: Harry S. Truman, May 8, 1884 - December 26, 1972), an American Democratic politician, served as the 32nd Vice President of the United States (1945) and the 33rd President of the United States (1945-1953). Truman was born in Missouri and served in the Army during World War I and fought in France. After returning to China, he started his own business in the clothing industry. In 1922, he entered politics as a county judge in his hometown of Missouri; in 1935, he became a federal senator from that state. Early in World War II, Truman led a Senate committee investigating military discipline. In early 1945, he became the Vice President of the United States; in April of that year, the then President Roosevelt died in office, and Truman immediately took over and became the 33rd President of the United States. After Truman took office, a large number of events occurred that had a profound impact on the world structure. First, the Allied forces defeated Nazi Germany, the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan surrendered and the official end of World War II; then came the establishment of the United Nations, the implementation of the "Marshall Plan" aimed at rebuilding Europe, the confrontation between the Truman Doctrine and communism, the beginning of the Cold War, the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in China, the establishment of NATO, and the outbreak of the Korean War. Many wars resulted in 44,000 U.S. soldiers being killed and missing, and dealt a huge blow to Truman's plan to win a third term, eventually forcing him to give up his re-election bid. Subsequently, in the 1952 election, Republican presidential candidate Dwight Eisenhower defeated Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson and became president the following year, ending the Democratic Party's 20-year rule. Truman's presidency encountered a new, chaotic economic cycle. Shortages of supplies, frequent strikes, and controversies over the veto of the Taft-Hartley Act all characterized the time. Although Truman was re-elected as president in 1948, the Democratic Party failed to gain a majority in Congress, resulting in the failure of almost all of his "good government" plans. Even so, he took the lead in desegregating the military within the military through executive orders, and presided over the second "Red Scare" in response to the situation, dismissing thousands of Communist sympathizers from government departments who might influence national affairs. But at the same time, hundreds of officials appointed by him were forced to resign due to a series of financial scandals. The "Truman Doctrine" and "containment policy" during Truman's term had a profound impact. As a result, the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union underwent fundamental changes, turning from allies to enemies, ushering in the Cold War era.

Harry Lloyd Hopkins (August 17, 1890 - January 29, 1946), American politician, American Democrat, served as Secretary of Commerce (1938-1940). Hopkins was an important advisor and confidant to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and one of the main architects of the New Deal. He participated in the establishment and leadership of the Works Progress Administration. During World War II, Hopkins served as President Roosevelt's chief personal adviser and effectively became the second-in-command in the White House. He participated in all major decisions between the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, and played an extremely key role in the formulation and implementation of the Lend-Lease Act and the Yalta Conference. For his outstanding political insight and execution ability, Hopkins was called "the Lord Root of the Matter" by Prime Minister Winston Churchill. He was born in Sioux City, Iowa, into a saddler's family. Graduated from Greenier College in 1912. In 1931, he served in the New York Provisional Emergency Relief Administration and was appreciated by then Governor Roosevelt. After Roosevelt was elected president in 1933, he appointed him director of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, responsible for relief work for the unemployed. Later, he presided over the establishment of the National Engineering Administration. Through the implementation of a large number of small-scale practical engineering projects and the "relief for work" approach, employment opportunities were provided for millions of unemployed people across the country, thus enabling the smooth implementation of the relief plan, an important part of Roosevelt's New Deal. After the outbreak of World War II, he served as Roosevelt's main contributor for a long time. During the war, he participated in the work of the National Defense Advisory Committee and was responsible for the distribution of arms. After the Lend-Lease Act was passed, he served as the President's general counsel on the Lend-Lease Act. He visited the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union as a presidential envoy on many occasions, and accompanied Roosevelt to attend the Atlantic Conference, Tehran Conference and Yalta Conference, becoming the main liaison between the heads of the three major powers during the war. During the Soviet-German war, he used Lend-Lease materials to support the Soviet Union and held many talks with Stalin. In May 1945, he was sent by President Truman to the Soviet Union to arrange for the heads of state of the three major countries to participate in the Potsdam Conference. He died of illness on January 29, 1946.

Don Fraser AC MBE (English: Dawn Fraser, September 4, 1937 -), Australian female swimmer. She represented Australia in swimming at the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics, winning four gold medals and four silver medals.

Tang Zhuangzong Li Cunxu (xù) (December 2, 885 - May 15, 926), a native of Yingxian County, Shanxi, was from the Shatuo tribe. His surname was Zhu Xie, because his father was Li Keyong, the governor of Hedong, who was subject to Tang Yi. The surname was given by the emperor and changed to Li, tabooed as Cunxu, also called Cunxu (xù). He was born in Yingxian County, Shanxi (some say Jinyang Palace) in the first month of the first year of Tang Guangqi (December 885). He was the founding emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties period. Nicknamed "Yazi" and stage name "Li Tianxia", he is famous for his bravery. On May 13, 923, he proclaimed himself emperor in Weizhou (Damingfu, Hebei Province). His country was named Tang, and it was called Later Tang in history. Later, because his sworn brother Li Siyuan was supported by the sergeants, he rebelled and led his army to take Luoyang. In order to take revenge, the palace commander Guo Congqian took the opportunity to launch a mutiny - the Xingjiaomen Incident, and killed Cunxu.

Tang Tingshu (May 19, 1832 - October 7, 1892), originally named Tang Jie, also known as Jianshi, Jingxing, and Jingxin, was a native of Tangjiacun, Xiangshan County, Guangzhou, Guangdong (now Tangjiawan Town, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province), and was one of the representatives of the Westernization Movement in the Qing Dynasty.

Donald Henry Rumsfeld (English: Donald Henry Rumsfeld, July 9, 1932 - June 29, 2021), an American politician, was born in Chicago and served twice as the Secretary of Defense of the United States. He has always been considered by the outside world to be one of the hawkish representatives in Bush's cabinet. On June 29, 2021, local time, he died of multiple myeloma at his home in Taos, New Mexico, 10 days before his 89th birthday.

Donald John Trump, American entrepreneur, politician, 45th and 47th President of the United States. He is known for his business achievements, media experience and political involvement as a Republican and as president.

Shang Yang (390 BC - 338 BC), also known as Wei Yang or Gongsun Yang, was a Weiguo native in the middle Warring States Period. He was an important politician and military strategist in the 4th century BC. He was also one of the representatives of Legalism. He studied under Li Kui. During the period of Qin Xiaogong (382 BC - 338 BC), Shang Yang carried out profound reforms to Qin's political and social systems, which made Qin gradually prosperous and powerful, laying the foundation for the subsequent unification of the six countries. In his early years, Shang Yang studied Legalism and military strategist thought, and studied under Li Kui, the architect of Wei's reforms. He was the concubine of Wei's prime minister, Gong Shu Cuo. After Qin Xiaogong issued an order to seek talents, Shang Yang entered Qin and implemented reforms, which made Qin gradually stronger and stronger. It was called "Shang Yang's Reform" in history. Politically, he reformed household registration, law, military titles, land system, administrative divisions, taxation, weights and measures, and customs; economically, he promoted agriculture, restrained business, and rewarded farming and weaving; and militarily, he led the army to recover some of the lost land in Hexi. However, Shang Yang violated the interests of the old aristocracy by promoting reforms. After the death of Qin Xiaogong, Shang Yang lost power and was arrested by his political opponents for treason. He was eventually sentenced to quartering on five horses. Shang Yang and his reforms had a profound impact on Legalism. "Book of Shang Jun" compiled his thoughts, words and deeds, and "Historical Records" established the "Biographies of Shang Jun". Modern scholars have also conducted in-depth research on his achievements.

Jo Jorgensen (English: Jo Jorgensen, born May 1, 1957) is an American scholar and libertarian political activist. She is the Libertarian Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2020 presidential election. Jorgensen was the Libertarian Party's vice presidential candidate in the 1996 U.S. presidential election and was Harry Brown's running mate. She was also the Libertarian Party candidate in South Carolina's 4th District in 1992, receiving 4,286 votes, accounting for 2.2% of the total vote.

Kano Jigoro (Japanese: Kano Jigoro/Kanou Jigoro, Romanized: Kanō Jigorō (December 10, 1860 - May 4, 1938), also known as Gui Isai, was a Japanese educator, martial artist, founder of Japanese judo, the first president of the Japanese Olympic Committee, and the first member of the International Olympic Committee from Asia. He is revered as the "Father of Japanese Sports".

Saint Cajetan (English: Saint Cajetan, Italian: Gaetano dei Conti di Tiene, 1480-1547) was a Catholic theologian and reformer in Italy during the Renaissance. Gayetang founded the clerical order (Detini) in 1524. Saint Cayedan’s memorial day is August 7.