Political figures

Gale Ann Norton (English: Gale Ann Norton, March 11, 1954 -), a Republican American politician, was born in Wichita, Kansas. She served as the U.S. Secretary of the Interior (2001-2006) in the George W. Bush administration and was the first woman to hold this position.

Ishibashi Azanzan (September 25, 1884 - April 25, 1973), the 55th Prime Minister of Japan. Born in Tokyo. The son of Nichiren sect monk Sugita Zhanshou. The baby's name is province three, which is derived from the mother's surname. Graduated from Waseda University in the Department of Liberal Arts and worked as a journalist after graduation. He entered politics after the war and was elected Prime Minister of Japan in 1956. Due to poor health, he was forced to resign after sixty-five days in office, making him the third shortest-lived Prime Minister in Japanese history.

Ishiba Shigeru (Japanese: Ishiba Shigeru/Ishiba Shigeru, Romanized: Ishiba Shigeru; February 4, 1957 -), Japanese politician, current member of the House of Representatives, served as the 102nd-103rd Prime Minister (Prime Minister), President of the Liberal Democratic Party, Director of the Defense Agency, Minister of Defense, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Secretary-General of the Liberal Democratic Party, Minister in charge of the Cabinet Office (National Strategic Special Area, Local Creation Responsibility) and other positions. His father is former Vice Minister for Construction Affairs and Tottori Prefecture Governor Ishiba Jiro.

Yasuo Fukuda (Japanese: Fukuda Yasuo/Fukuda Yasuo, Romanized: Fukuda Yasuo, July 16, 1936 -), a Japanese politician, the 91st Prime Minister of Japan and the 22nd President of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan. From 2010 to 2018, he served as Chairman of the Boao Forum for Asia. After resigning, he became chairman of the Boao Forum for Asia Advisory Committee.

Shirley Temple Black (English: Shirley Temple Black; April 23, 1928 - February 10, 2014) was an American child star and diplomat, the first child star in the world to win an Oscar, and the winner of the Kennedy Center Honors.

Kofi Atta Annan (English: Kofi Atta Annan; April 8, 1938 - August 18, 2018) was born in Kumasi, Ghana. He served as the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Due to his appropriate handling of many international issues, various countries spoke highly of him, so he was praised as the "President of the World". Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001.

Cheng Andong (October 1936-), male, from Huainan, Anhui, is a political figure in the People's Republic of China. Graduated from the undergraduate correspondence course of the Mining Department of Hefei University of Technology and is a senior engineer. Alternate member of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and member of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He once served as a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, deputy secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and governor of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government. He is currently the dean of Shaanxi MBA College.

Cheng Enfu (July 1950 -), male, Manchu, native of Hefei, Anhui, born in Shanghai, is a Marxist theorist and economist of the People's Republic of China, and president of the Institute of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Representative of Anhui Province to the National People's Congress.

Cheng Mingsheng (March 1903-January 1990), courtesy name Xiangxuan, male, from Lingbao, Henan, was an engineer and political figure in the People's Republic of China.

Cheng Zhiqing (1934 - February 12, 2019), originally from Yingcheng, Hubei Province, was born in Qingdao, Shandong Province. He is a Chinese politician, former deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Guangdong Provincial People's Congress, former vice chairman of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, member of the 7th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and member of the Standing Committee of the 8th and 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Tomomi Inada (February 20, 1959 -) is a Japanese female politician, lawyer, tax accountant, member of the Liberal Democratic Party (now part of the Abe faction), and the 15th Minister of Defense (Minister of Defense). She is the second woman in Japanese history to hold this post after Yuriko Koike. She was once a hawk in Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's cabinet. She was known as the "female version of Abe" and was once regarded by the outside world as Shinzo Abe's successor. She was born in Imatate Town, Imatate County, Fukui Prefecture (now Echizen City). She has been elected to the Japanese House of Representatives for six consecutive terms since 2005.

Muriel Elizabeth Bowser (English: Muriel Elizabeth Bowser, August 2, 1972 -, also known as Muriel Bowser) is an American Democratic politician born in Washington, District of Columbia. She has served as the eighth mayor of Washington, DC, the capital of the United States, since 2015. In 2015, she was the second female mayor and the second African-American woman to serve as mayor. She was involved in Washington, D.C.'s response to the 2021 storming of the U.S. Capitol.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Turkish: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; circa 1881 – November 10, 1938), known as Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1934 (Ottoman Turkish: مصطفی كمال پاشا; Turkish: Mustafa Kemal Paşa, a Turkish military general, reformer and writer, the first president, prime minister and speaker of the Grand National Assembly of the Republic of Turkey, is known as the father of modern Turkey. Kemal was born in Salonika (now in Greece). He was persecuted in his early years for opposing the rule of Sultan Abdulhamid II, and participated in organizations such as the United Progress Committee and the Young Turks. He participated in the Italian-Turkish War and the Balkan War, and gained fame by commanding the 19th Division in the Battle of Gallipoli in World War I. With the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, he led the Turkish National Movement with outstanding ability to form an independent government in Ankara, defeated the Allied forces, and established the Turkish Republic. The government he led has also been controversial for the ethnic cleansing and massacre of Armenians and Greeks during this period. After Kemal became the supreme leader, he implemented a benevolent dictatorship and initiated a series of political, economic and cultural reforms, enlightening Turkey and making Turkey a modern and secular country. Kemal's efforts to modernize Türkiye are known as Kemalism, which also included reducing the influence of Islam on politics and education. He died in Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul, on November 10, 1938, at the age of 57.

Muhammad Yunus (Bengali: মুহাম্মদ ইউনুস, Romanized: Muhāmmôd Iunūs, pronunciation: [ˈmuɦɐmːod ˈjunus]; June 28, 1940 -), Bangladeshi banker, economist, Nobel Peace Prize winner, and politician. As a professor of economics, Yunus developed the current theory and practice of "microcredit" and "microfinance", and founded Grameen Bank (also translated as Grameen Bank) to provide loans to entrepreneurs who were too poor to obtain traditional bank loans. In 2006, the Nobel Prize Committee awarded him and Grameen Bank the Nobel Peace Prize for "their efforts to promote economic and social development from the bottom of society." Yunus has also received several international honors including the World Food Prize. In 2008, he was listed as one of the "Top 100 Thinkers in the World" by Foreign Policy magazine, ranking second. Yunus served as a member of the United Nations Foundation. In March 2012, the Bangladesh government fired Yunus from his job at Grameen Bank, claiming that he had violated the law and was not of age. Yunus and Grameen Bank appealed the decision, arguing the move was politically motivated. On March 8, Bangladesh's high court upheld the decision. In the same year he became Chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University. On January 1, 2024, Yunus was sentenced to 6 months in prison by a judge for violating labor laws. Amnesty International said Yunus' conviction was a "blatant abuse" of the justice system. On August 6, 2024, Bangladeshi President Mohammad Sheikhabuddin dissolved Parliament during the Bangladesh Public Service Quota Reform Movement and nominated Yunus as the head of the interim government of Bangladesh following the resignation of then Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in accordance with the demands of student groups. Yunus accepted the nomination and was appointed as Bangladesh's chief adviser (i.e. prime minister of the interim government) until new elections are held.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Urdu: محمد علی جناح Muhammad Ali Jinnah, December 25, 1876 - September 11, 1948) was a 20th-century South Asian politician, the founding leader of Pakistan and the first governor-general after independence. He initially supported and participated in the movement for British India's independence from British colonial rule. Later, his position gradually changed and he turned to seeking to establish an independent Muslim country in South Asia. Jinnah is revered in Pakistan as the "Great Leader" (Urdu: قائد اعظم Quaid-i-Azam) and the "Father of the Nation" (Urdu: بابائے قوم Baba-i-Qaum), and his birthday is an official holiday in Pakistan.

Tong Shaosheng (1903-March 21, 1984), formerly known as Xianchang, was a native of Chongqing and a politician of the People's Republic of China. He served as vice chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic National Construction Association and deputy governor of the People's Committee of Sichuan Province.

Duanfang (April 20, 1861 - November 27, 1911), Tohoro (also known as Tohoro, Tohoro, Tohoro, Manchu: ᡨᠣᡥᠣᡵᠣᡥᠠᠯᠠ, Mu Linde transliterated: Tohoro Hala), courtesy name Wuqiao, Haotaozhai, male, from Zhengbai Banner, Manchuria. A statesman, epigrapher and collector in the late Qing Dynasty. In the eighth year of Guangxu's reign (1882), he was a candidate for the Shuntian rural examination in Renwu and became the governor of Zhili. When the road protection movement broke out in the late Qing Dynasty, the governor of Sichuan was ordered to suppress it. He was later killed by Liu Yifeng, an officer of the New Army. He was given a posthumous gift to the crown prince as Taibao, and was awarded the rank of second-class light chariot captain, with the posthumous title of Zhongmin.

Patsy Matsu Mink (English: Patsy Matsu Mink; December 6, 1927 - September 28, 2002), whose maiden name was Takemoto and whose Japanese name was Takemoto Matsu (Japanese: Takemoto pine tree/Takemoto pine tree, Romanized: Takemoto Matsu), was an American lawyer and politician in the state of Hawaii. Takemotomatsu is a third-generation Japanese American, a member of the Democratic Party, and a former Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs of the U.S. Department of State.

Ji Zun descended to the white Ngawang Lobsang Yeshi Tenzin Gyatso, the teacher Songwang Jie Tsung Bami Bai Debeisangbu (Tibetan: རྗེ་བཙུ ན་འཇམ་དཔལ་ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་ཡེ་ཤེས་བསྟན་ འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་སྲིད་གསུམ་དབང་བསྒྱུར་མཚུ ངས་པ་མེད་པའི་སྡེ་དཔལ་བཟང་པོ་, Willie Transcribed by: rje btsun 'jam dpal ngag dbang blo bzang ye shes bstan 'dzin rgya mtsho srid gsum dbang bsgyur mtshungs pa med pa'i sde dpal bzang po, THL: Jétsün Jampel Ngakwang Lozang Yéshé Tendzin Gyatso Sisum Wanggyur Tsungpa Mépé Dé Pelzangpo, Tibetan Pinyin: Jêzün Jambä Ngagwang Losang Yêxê Dänzin Gyaco Sisum Wanggyur Cungba Mêbä Dê Bäsangbo, July 6, 1935-), referred to as Tenzin Gyatso (Tibetan: བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ, Tibetan Pinyin: Dänzin Gyaco), is the 14th Dalai Lama. As the Dalai Lama, he is the supreme leader of the Gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism in Tibetan culture and a symbolic figure in Tibetan politics and religion. Tenzin Gyatso was born in a peasant family in Qijiachuan, Xining County, Amdo, Tibetan area (now Hongya Village, Ping'an District, Haidong City, Qinghai Province), and his nickname was Lhamu Denzhu. In 1937, after selection by the search team, he was recognized as the reincarnation of the 13th Dalai Lama. The following year, the Tibetan Kashag government officially recognized him as the 14th Dalai Lama, and the National Government of the Republic of China agreed to be exempted from the "Drawing of Lots from the Golden Urn". On February 22, 1940, he held an enthronement ceremony and succeeded to the throne as the 14th Dalai Lama. Reting Thubten Jambai Yeshe Dampa Gyaltsen and Daza Ngawang Sonrattu Dodenpa Jie Zin successively served as regents of Tibet. On November 17, 1950, as the Chinese People's Liberation Army defeated the Tibetan Army in the Battle of Qamdo,

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ɡərbɐˈtɕɵf]; March 2, 1931 - August 30, 2022), a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991 before the collapse of the Soviet Union. He became the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985 and became the Supreme Leader of the Soviet Union from 1988. He served as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union from 1989 to 1990, as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1990 to 1991, and as the only President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to the disintegration of the Soviet Union. He was the only supreme leader of the Soviet Union who was born after the October Revolution and resigned during his tenure. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism-Leninism but moved toward social democracy in the early 1990s. Gorbachev was born in Privolnoye in southern Soviet Russia in 1931 to a poor peasant family of Russian and Ukrainian descent. He grew up under Stalin's rule. As a young man he operated a combine harvester on a collective farm before joining the Soviet Communist Party. While studying at Moscow State University, he married fellow student Raisa Titarenko in 1953 and received his law degree in 1955. After moving to Stavropol, he worked for the Komsomol youth organization. After Stalin's death, he became a supporter of Khrushchev's de-Stalinization reforms. In 1970, he was appointed First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Committee, responsible for overseeing the construction of the Stavropol Grand Canal. In 1978, he returned to Moscow and served as Secretary of the Party Central Committee, and in 1979 he entered the Politburo (the 25th term). After the deaths of Leonid Brezhnev and Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko, who served briefly within three years, the Politburo elected Gorbachev, still in his fifties, as general secretary in 1985, becoming the de facto leader. Although Gorbachev was committed to preserving the Soviet Union and Marxism-Leninism, he believed that major reforms were necessary for the Soviet Union's survival, especially in the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. He withdrew from the Soviet-Afghan War and cooperated with the United States

Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar (English: Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar, August 16, 1798 - December 19, 1859) was the third president of the Republic of Texas, following David G. Burnet (provisional president in 1836) and Sam Houston. Born near Louisville in Jefferson County, Georgia, Lamar founded a successful newspaper in Columbus during his early years. He later sold his newspaper company and used the money to travel west to Texas. The newspaper remains the most important newspaper in the Columbus area to this day and today it is owned by the McClatchy Company. In 1835 he moved to Texas. After hearing about the massacre at the Alamo, he joined Sam Houston's Texas Revolutionary Army as a cavalry soldier. In a daring move on the eve of the Battle of San Guisintogo, he rescued two Texans from being surrounded. The action even won praise from Mexicans. He was promoted to colonel and commanded the cavalry at the Battle of San Guisintogo. He served as President of Texas from December 1838 to 1841. Lamar was a vehement opponent of Sam Houston, and the two disagreed on nearly every issue of the new republic's development policies, from finances to policy toward Indians (he supported extermination) to admission to the United States (he opposed admission). It is said that Houston deliberately dressed like Washington when the two alternated after Lamar was drafted. When he discovered that Lamar was impatient to deliver his inaugural address, Houston deliberately extended his departure speech to three hours. Afterwards, Lamar became so angry that he couldn't give a speech and had to have his inaugural address read on his behalf. Lamar secured recognition of Texas by several European countries. He established Austin, the capital of Texas, but at that time Austin was on the western border of Texas and was very vulnerable to attacks by the Comanches. Lamar was eager to push the Texas colony westward. He even wanted to push Texas all the way to the Pacific Coast. He hoped that the Republic of Texas would become a force in North America fighting against the United States. To reduce Texas' debt, he issued new currency for the Republic of Texas. Lamar established Texas' public schools and is considered the "Father of Texas Education." There are many Texas cities with schools named after him, including Lamar University in Beaumont, Hugh

Miguel Angel Cardona (English: Miguel Angel Cardona, born July 11, 1975), an American politician who served as the 12th U.S. Secretary of Education. Served as Connecticut Secretary of Education from 2019 to March 2021. In 2020, U.S. President Joe Biden nominated him to serve as Secretary of the U.S. Department of Education before taking office, and he was confirmed by the Senate on March 1, 2021. Cardona, a native of Meriden, Connecticut, began his career as a fourth grade teacher at Israel Putnam Elementary School in Meriden. In 2003, at the age of 27, he was appointed principal of Hanover School in Meriden, becoming the youngest principal in the state.

John Richard Kasich Jr. (English: John Richard Kasich Jr., born May 13, 1952), served as the 69th governor of Ohio. He was first elected in 2010 and re-elected in 2014. Keswick served nine terms as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Ohio's 12th District, from 1983 to 2001. While in the House of Representatives, Keswick served as a member of the Armed Services Committee for 18 years and as Chairman of the Budget Committee for six years. He was an important figure in promoting welfare reform and the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Keswick worked as a commentator on Fox News Channel from 2001 to 2007 and hosted the program "Heartland of Keswick." He was also an investment banker and managing director of Lehman Brothers' Columbus, Ohio, office. Keswick defeated Democratic incumbent Governor Strickland in the election for Ohio governor. When he ran for re-election in 2014, he defeated his Democratic opponent Fitzgerald by a landslide. Keswick ran for president again in 2016, finishing fourth in the Republican primary behind Donald Trump, Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio. He won the primary in his home state of Ohio and finished second in New Hampshire. Keswick refused to endorse Trump as the Republican presidential candidate and did not attend the 2016 Republican National Convention in Ohio. Keswick was a contributor to CNN from 2019 to 2023. As of March 2023, he serves as an analyst for NBC News. Keswick is considered one of the most prominent Trump critics within the Republican Party and spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention in support of Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden.

John Sidney McCain III (English: John Sidney McCain III, often translated as McCain in Taiwan, August 29, 1936 - August 25, 2018), was an American soldier, politician, Republican figure, and neoconservative. He represented Arizona as the state's senator during his lifetime. He ran for President of the United States on behalf of the Republican Party in 2008. Before his death, McCain was one of the few Vietnam War veterans in the U.S. Senate. His experience on the front lines of the war and his resistance in prisoner of war camps made him respected regardless of party affiliation. McCain was born into the prominent McCain family in the Panama Canal Zone. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958 and was awarded the rank of U.S. Navy officer. He became a naval pilot, flying attack aircraft from aircraft carriers. During the Vietnam War, he nearly died in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire. In October 1967, while performing a mission to bomb Hanoi during Operation Rolling Thunder, McCain's plane was shot down and he was seriously injured and captured by the North Vietnamese Army. He remained imprisoned until 1973, tortured and refusing offers of early release, and the injuries he sustained left him permanently disabled. In 1981, McCain retired as a Navy captain and moved to Arizona. In 1982, McCain was elected to the House of Representatives and served two terms. Four years later, he was elected to the Senate and served six terms. McCain generally adheres to conservative principles, but has also been called a "maverick" for daring to go against the party's stance on certain issues, such as LGBT rights, gun control and campaign finance reform. His stance on these issues is more moderate than that of the party's base. In the 1980s, McCain was involved in a political influence scandal as a member of the "Keating Five" and was investigated, but ultimately exonerated. He has since made regulating political campaign finance one of his signature focuses, culminating in the passage of the McCain-Feingold Act of 2002. McCain, along with Russ Feingold, received the 1999 John F. Kennedy Courage Award. He is also known for his work to restore diplomatic relations with Vietnam in the 1990s. McCain served as chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee from 1997 to 2001 and from 2003 to 2005, during which time he opposed "pork barrel" spending and earmarks. He was a member of the bipartisan "Gang of Fourteen", a group that fought to alleviate