Scholars

Wang Huansheng (1939-), researcher of ancient Chinese Greek and Roman literature and culture, retired researcher of the Institute of Foreign Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, member of the Communist Party of China, proficient in ancient Greek, Latin, Russian, and English. Wang Huansheng is the first person to translate "Homer's Epic" from ancient Greek into Chinese. In 1959, he was admitted to the Russian Language Major of Beijing Foreign Studies University. In 1960, he was sent to the Soviet Union to study at public expense. He studied Western classics at Moscow University and graduated in 1965. The main academic work is "History of Ancient Roman Literature". The Chinese translation of "The Iliad" completed in collaboration with colleague Luo Niansheng is the first complete Chinese translation of a poetry genre from the original ancient Greek text. The Chinese translation of "The Odyssey" completed by himself is the first complete Chinese translation of the poetry genre from the original ancient Greek text (the first Chinese translation from the original ancient Greek text: Yang Xianyi's "The Odyssey" is in the prose genre). He has translated a variety of literary works such as ancient Roman and ancient Greek dramas and literary theory.

Wang Qi (July 22, 1949 -), female, native of Zigong, Sichuan, is an expert in plastic processing equipment in China, a professor at Sichuan University, a Changjiang Scholar Distinguished Professor, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Wang Liqun (March 14, 1945 -) was born in Huoshan County, Lu'an City, Anhui Province, and his ancestral home is Xintai City, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. He is a professor at the School of Liberal Arts of Henan University, a writer of historical novels, and one of the speakers of the "Hundred Forum" column of China Central Television.

Wang Chongmin (1903-April 16, 1975), also known as Lenglu Master, was born in Gaoyang, Hebei Province. He was a Chinese bibliographer and edition writer.

Wang Changping (January 1963-), a native of Fuzhou, Fujian, is a Chinese mathematician and the president of Fujian Normal University. Selected as the seventh batch of "Changjiang Scholars" Distinguished Professor by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, and winner of China's National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars.

Wang Shouren (October 31, 1472 - January 9, 1529), whose childhood name was Yun, courtesy name Bo'an, and nickname Yangmingzi, was a native of Yuyao County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province (now Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province). He was an important and important figure in the mid-Ming Dynasty and even in Chinese history. A far-reaching thinker, philosopher, calligrapher, writer, politician, military strategist, educator, Confucian scholar, and spiritual expert, he is also one of the most important Confucian scholars in the Chinese character culture circle, and occupies an extremely important position in Confucianism. He served as the Minister of the Ministry of War in Nanjing and the Censor of Zuodu of the Metropolitan Procuratorate. He was awarded the title of Xinjian Earl for his military achievements such as pacifying the Chenhao Rebellion. He was posthumously awarded the title of Marquis during the Longqing period. Posthumous title Wencheng. He was the master of Lu Wang's spiritual studies. He was not only proficient in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, but he was also able to lead the army in battle. Because he once lived in Xiuwen Yangming Cave in Guiyang, he called himself "Yangmingzi", so he was called "Mr. Yangming" by scholars. Later generations generally called him Wang Yangming. His theory is known as "Yangmingology" in the world. It has important and far-reaching influence in China, Japan, and the Korean Peninsula.

Mary Wollstonecraft (English: Mary Wollstonecraft; April 27, 1759 - September 10, 1797), an 18th-century British writer, philosopher, and feminist. During his short writing career, he completed several novels and essays, a travelogue, a history of the French Revolution, a behavioral manual, and a children's literature. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, written in 1792, is Wollstonecraft's best-known work; in this book, she argued that women are not inherently inferior to men, but that this becomes apparent only when they lack adequate education. She believed that both men and women should be regarded as rational beings, and then envisioned a social order based on reason. To the general public, especially to feminists, Wollstonecraft's life is more compelling than her works, mainly due to her alternative lifestyle. Before marrying William Godwin, a pioneer of the anarchist movement, Wollstonecraft had two unhappy romances: one with the Swiss painter John Heinrich Faiseli, and the other with the businessman Gilbert Imlay. Wollstonecraft and Godwin had a daughter, Mary Shelley, author of Frankenstein. When Wollstonecraft was 38 years old, she gave birth to her second daughter, Mary. She soon died of postpartum complications, leaving behind several unfinished manuscripts. After Wollstonecraft's death, her husband Godwin published "A Biography of the Author of the Vindication of the Rights of Woman" in 1798, which revealed her alternative lifestyle. Godwin, who intended to commemorate his wife, inadvertently damaged her reputation for a century. However, with the rise of women's rights in the early 20th century, Wollstonecraft's advocacy of gender equality and criticism of traditional femininity began to become increasingly important. Today, Wollstonecraft is regarded as one of the originators of feminist philosophy, and feminists often refer to her life and works.

Martha Craven Nussbaum, American philosopher, is the Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics in the Department of Philosophy and School of Law at the University of Chicago, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the British National Academy, and the Finnish National Academy. Nussbaum is famous for his research on political and moral philosophy, ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, feminist philosophy, etc., especially his far-reaching cooperation with Nobel Prize winner Amartya Sen on ability orientation. She is the winner of the 2022 Balzan Prize, the 2021 Holbai Prize, the 2018 Berggruen Prize, the 2016 Kyoto Prize and the 2012 Prince of Asturias Prize, and has received honorary degrees from more than 60 colleges and universities.

Richard H. Thaler (/ˈθeɪlər/; born September 12, 1945) is an American economist and the Ralph and Dorothy Keller Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. He is one of the best-known theorists of behavioral finance. For his outstanding contributions to behavioral economics, he won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Economics.

Richard Merritt Montague (English: Richard Merritt Montague, September 20, 1930 - March 7, 1971), born in Stockton, California, United States, was an American mathematician and philosopher who proposed Montague grammar.

Marija Gimbutienė (Lithuanian: Marija Gimbutienė, January 23, 1921 – February 2, 1994) was an American Lithuanian archaeologist who is famous for her academic achievements in the study of ancient European Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures, and her tomb hypothesis is also widely accepted. This hypothesis points to the origin of Proto-Indo-European languages ​​in the steppes of Eastern Europe. Maria Gimbutas believed that Neolithic sites in Lithuania and across Eurasia provided archaeological evidence that ancient Indo-European societies were neither matrilineal nor patrilineal, but she later argued in some academic circles that these ancient societies were matrilineal.

Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (German: Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin, July 15, 1892 - September 26, 1940) was a German Ashkenazi Jewish philosopher, cultural critic and essayist. His thoughts and doctrines combined elements of German idealism, romanticism, Western Marxism, and Jewish mysticism. He made lasting and influential contributions to aesthetic theory, literary criticism, and historical materialism. He was considered a thought leader in the field of cultural studies at the time. His thinking and writing were influenced by his association with the Frankfurt School, especially his friendship with Theodor Adorno. He also maintained friendships with thinkers such as the playwright Bertolt Brecht and the kabbalist Gershom Scholem. He was related by marriage to the political theorist and philosopher Hannah Arendt through her marriage to his cousin Günter Anders. His most famous works include the essays "Artistic Works in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" and "Theses on the Philosophy of History". His major work as a literary critic includes articles on Baudelaire, Goethe, Kafka, Kraus, Leskov, Proust, Walser, and translation theory. He also translated French works, Charles Baudelaire's "Les Fleurs du Evil" and Marcel Proust's "In Search of Lost Time" into German. He was a native of Berlin. After completing his studies, he returned to Berlin to work as a freelance writer because he was unable to hold the teaching position at the University of Frankfurt that he wanted. During this period, he also went to live in the Soviet Union and France. In 1933, he fled to Paris as a secular Jew to escape the Nazi German government. In 1940, when the German Wehrmacht attacked France, he committed suicide near the Spanish border town of Porvoo while trying to escape.

Walter Eucken (German: Walter Eucken, January 17, 1891 - March 20, 1950) was a German economist of the Freiburg School and the founder of "ordoliberalism". He is closely associated with the development of the concept of "social market economy". His father was Wa Keng, winner of the 1908 Nobel Prize for Literature. In 1948, he participated in the publication of the "Yearbook of Economic and Social Order". Well-known works include "Fundamentals of National Economics".

Vasilis Politis (May 20, 1963 -) is a Greek philosopher and associate professor of philosophy at Trinity College Dublin, dedicated to the study of Plato and Aristotle. He was a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Berlin from 2009 to 2010 and a researcher at Trinity College Dublin in 2005. He was also the director of the Center for Plato Studies at Trinity College Dublin from 2009 to 2016.

Pierre Bourdieu (French: Pierre Bourdieu, French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ buʁdjø], August 1, 1930 - January 23, 2002) was a famous French sociologist, anthropologist and philosopher. The Guardian commented that he is "a well-known contemporary scholar in the minds of many", a thinker who can be as famous as Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jacobs Lacan and others. The International Sociological Association rated his book "Dividing: A Social Critique of Judgments of Taste" as one of the ten most important sociological works of the 20th century. Bourdieu pioneered many investigative frameworks and terms, such as cultural capital, social capital and symbolic capital, as well as concepts such as habitus, field or location, and symbolic violence (also translated as symbolic violence), to reveal the dynamic power relations in social life. His works emphasize the role or forms of practice and embodiment in the construction of social dynamics and worldviews, often taking a stand against the universalizing Western philosophical tradition. His theoretical foundation is based on Ludwig Wittgenstein, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Edmund Husserl, Georges Canculent, Karl Marx, Gaston Bachelard, Max Weber, Emile Durkheim, Erwin Panofsky and Mous. It is worth mentioning the influence of Blaise Pascal on him. Bouchdieu named his discussion group "Pascalian Meditations". Bourdieu rejected the concept of the intellectual "prophet" or "omnipotent intellectual" embodied by Jean-Paul Sartre. His most famous book is La Distinction: A Social Critique of Judgments of Taste. He believed that judgments of taste were related to social status. He combines social theory with data from survey research, photographs and interviews to develop this argument, which attempts to reconcile several intellectual difficulties, such as how to understand the subject within objective structures. In the process, he tried to reconcile the impact of external social structures and subjective experience on individuals.

Sheng Cheng (February 6, 1899 - 1996), formerly known as Yanxi, with the courtesy name Chengzhong, male, was born in Yizheng, Jiangsu Province, a Chinese scholar, writer, social activist, and a recipient of the French Legion of Honor. There are French works such as "My Mother".

Shi Lishan (1973-December 18, 2019), male, from Changchun, Jilin, a scholar of Chinese humanities and social sciences, a professor at the School of Philosophy of Shanghai Normal University, and a doctorate in literature from Kyoto University, Japan.

Zhang Kaiyuan (July 8, 1926 - May 28, 2021), male, originally from Wuxing, Zhejiang, was born in Wuhu, Anhui. He was a Chinese historian and educator. He served as the president, professor and doctoral supervisor of Central China Normal University, and the founder of the Institute of Modern Chinese History at Central China Normal University. He mainly studied the history of the Revolution of 1911.

Zhang Yihe (September 6, 1942 -) was born in Tongcheng (now Songyang), Anhui Province, China. He was born in Chongqing and graduated from the Department of Opera and Literature of the China Academy of Opera. She is the second daughter of Zhang Bojun. She is now a retired writer, opera scholar, and member of the China Democratic League. She currently lives in Shoyu Zhai, Beijing.

Jan Hus (Czech: Jan Hus; 1372-July 6, 1415), formerly translated as Hus, was a Czech Christian thinker, philosopher, and reformer who served as the president of Charles University in Prague. Hus was the pioneer of the religious reform and was deeply influenced by Wycliffe's thinking. He believed that everything should be based on the Bible, denied the authority of the pope, opposed indulgences, and advocated receiving both bread and wine. The Catholic Church regarded him as a heretic and excommunicated him, then trapped him and burned him at the stake. Hus's followers were called Hussites. Most of them were students of Hus at the University of Prague and grassroots nobles and civilians in Bohemia. After Hus's death, they rose up against Emperor Sigismund, igniting the Hussite War. Hus is famous for his martyrdom and is also the benchmark of Czech nationalism. The day he was burned at the stake - July 6 - became a national holiday in the Czech Republic. The Old Catholic Church in the Czech Republic, as well as the Orthodox Church (according to the statement of the Archbishop of Prague, Metropolitan Christopher of Prague), canonizes him as a saint-martyr together with the Holy Martyr Jerome of Prague. For the Hussite Church in Czechoslovakia, the anniversary of his death is actually the most important holiday of the year. In 1999, Pope John Paul II stated that he regretted the tragic death of Jan Hus and the subsequent sacrifices it caused and the division of the Czech nation, and called for reconciliation and a historical evaluation of Hus' life without prejudice. However, despite the popular belief that Jan Hus was a religious reformer, John Paul II was not explicit, other than stating that the purpose of the so-called "Hus Council" was to more accurately determine Hus's position among those committed to church reform. Within the Roman Catholic Church, there was no consensus on many of Hus's views, and his ecclesiology in particular was considered controversial. Jan Hus was not vindicated.

Milton Friedman (English: Milton Friedman, July 31, 1912 - November 16, 2006) was an American economist, professor of economics at the University of Chicago, and a leader of the second generation of the Chicago School of Economics. Friedman is famous for his research on macroeconomics, microeconomics, economic history, statistics and his advocacy of laissez-faire capitalism. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1976 in recognition of his contributions in the fields of consumption analysis, money supply theory and history, and the complexity of stabilization policies. He is known as one of the most important and influential economists of the 20th century. Friedman is the author of Capitalism and Freedom, published in 1962. He advocates small government and believes that starting from consequentialist libertarianism and minimizing the role of government to allow the free market to operate, economic freedom can lead to political and social freedom. The theories he proposed had a great influence on the economic and monetary policies of Ronald Reagan, the president of the United States, who took office in the 1980s, and many other countries.

Paul-Michel Foucault (French: Paul-Michel Foucault, October 15, 1926 - June 25, 1984) was a French philosopher and intellectual historian, social theorist, linguist, literary critic, and sexologist. He had a great influence on literary criticism and its theory, philosophy (especially in French-speaking countries), critical theory, history, history of science (especially the history of medicine), critical pedagogy and the sociology of knowledge. He is considered a postmodernist and poststructuralist, but some consider his early works, especially "Words and Objects", to be structuralist. He himself did not appreciate this classification. He believed that he had inherited the tradition of modernism. He believes that the term postmodernism itself is very vague. Some people question Foucault's political activities regarding his structuralist or poststructuralist tendencies. In this he is in the same position as Noam Chomsky, George Lakoff and Jane Jacobs, among others. Foucault's thoughts were largely influenced by Nietzsche. In 2007, the Times Guide to Higher Education ranked him as the most cited scholar in the humanities. Foucault has a certain influence in Chinese academic circles, including some analyzes and criticisms that introduce Foucault's ideas and apply his ideas.

Joshua David Angrist (English: Joshua David Angrist, born September 18, 1960) is an Israeli-American economist and Ford Professor of Economics at MIT. His research areas include labor economics, urban economics and educational economics. He is also the co-founder and co-director of the MIT School Effectiveness & Inequality Initiative, which studies the relationship between human capital and income inequality in the United States. In 2021, Joshua D. Angrist shared the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences with David Card and Guido Inbens for "methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships."

Nassim Nicholas Taleb (Arabic: نسيم نيقولا نجيب طالب, English: Nassim Nicholas Taleb, September 12, 1960 -), a Lebanese-American. A well-known thinker, financial industry professional, mathematical statistician, former options trader, risk engineering professor, and philosophical essayist. He is world-famous for his book "The Black Swan Effect". Nobel Prize winner in economics Daniel Kahneman said it "changed the world's thinking about uncertainty." Taleb's main research interests lie in issues such as "randomness", "uncertainty", and "rare events" (black swan events). Author of Incerto, a five-volume philosophical essay on uncertainty published between 2001 and 2018 (especially The Black Swan Effect and Antifragile). Since September 2014, he has served as co-editor of the academic journal Risk and Decision Analysis. He has also been a mathematical finance practitioner, hedge fund manager and derivatives trader and is currently listed as a scientific advisor to Universa Investments. His famous work "Random Scam" was selected as the "Smartest Books of All Time" by Fortune magazine, while "The Black Swan Effect" has been on the New York Times bestseller list for 31 weeks, and was selected by the "Sunday Times" as "the 12 most influential books since World War II".