John Ronald Reuel Tolkien

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (English: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, /ˈruːl ˈtɒlkiːn/, January 3, 1892 – September 2, 1973) was an English writer, poet, and linguist. He created the classic epic fantasy books "The Hobbit" (1937) and "The Lord of the Rings" (1954-1955). From 1925 to 1945, Tolkien served as the Laurinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at the University of Oxford and a fellow at Pembroke College, Oxford University. Thereafter he became Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford University, until his retirement in 1959. Tolkien was a devout Catholic and had a close friendship with C.S. Lewis, who was also a member of the Signs Literary Society, an informal literary discussion society. On March 28, 1972, he was awarded the Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II. After Tolkien's death, his son Christopher Tolkien compiled and published the large number of notes and manuscripts left by his father. These legacy works (including the famous "The Silmarillion") are intertwined with "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings" to build a large and rigorous fantasy universe. The system covers the myths and legends known as Arda (and the continent of Middle-earth within it), poetry in The Lord of the Rings, fictional history, the languages ​​created by Tolkien, and related literary essays. From 1951 to 1955, Tolkien used the term "legendarium" to collectively refer to this magnificent set of works. Although fantasy literature was not pioneered by Tolkien, the unprecedented success of "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings" greatly stimulated public enthusiasm for the genre, leading to the emergence of a large number of fantasy masterpieces and emerging writers. Tolkien is therefore revered by the public as the "founder" and "originator" of modern fantasy literature, and is widely regarded as one of the most influential writers in history.