Political figures

Fan Zongchai (?—), male, Han nationality, politician of the People's Republic of China. Currently, he is the secretary of the branch party group, vice president and secretary-general of the China Television Artists Association. Member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Fan Changjiang (1909-October 23, 1970), formerly known as Xitian, male, native of Neijiang, Sichuan, was a Chinese journalist and editor. During the Republic of China, he was a correspondent for "Ta Kung Pao" and later switched to the Communist camp. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the president of "Liberation Daily", deputy director of the General Information Administration, president of "People's Daily", deputy director of the National Science and Technology Commission, vice chairman and party secretary of the National Association for Science and Technology. He was imprisoned and persecuted during the Cultural Revolution. In 1970, his body was found in a dry well in Queshan, Henan, where he was sent to a labor camp. It was suspected that he had committed suicide. He was rehabilitated on December 27, 1978.

Mao Dun (July 4, 1896 - March 27, 1981), formerly known as Shen Hong, also known as Shen Dehong, nicknamed Yanchang, also known as Yan Bing, also known as Xingshishanmin, with the word line, was a native of Tongxiang, Zhejiang, a modern Chinese writer and literary critic, a political figure of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China, and a former deputy national leader. He once served as Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the Chinese Writers Association. Commonly used pen names include Mao Dun, Xuanzhu, Fang Bi, Zhijing, Pulao, Xingtian, Psheng, etc. In terms of literary creation, Mao Dun published his first novel "Eclipse" (a trilogy of "Disillusionment", "Shake" and "Pursuit") in 1928. His representative works include "Midnight", "The Rural Trilogy" ("Spring Silkworms", "Autumn Harvest" and "End of Winter"), "Lin's Shop" and "The First Half-Day's Work". In addition, Mao Dun also wrote "General Theory of Western Literature".

Rongzhen (1891-1960), courtesy name Xisheng, was born in Zaoqiang County, Jizhou, Zhili Province. A military figure of the Republic of China, he served as the Chief of Staff of the Office of the Commander-in-Chief of the Northeast Frontier Defense Force.

Lia Quartapelle (Italian: Lia Quartapelle, born August 15, 1982) is an Italian politician.

Liliuokalani (Hawaiian: Liliʻuokalani; Hawaiian pronunciation: [liˌliʔuokəˈlɐni]; English: Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii; September 2, 1838 - November 11, 1917), also translated as Liliʻuokalani, Liliuokalani, the last monarch and only queen of the Kingdom of Hawaii, reigned from 1891 to 1893. Her original name was Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Kamakaʻeha. She was the sister of King Kalakaua. After Kalakaua succeeded to the throne in 1874, she was awarded the title of princess. In 1877, Crown Prince Lere Ohoucu II died, and she was designated as the new crown prince. He ascended the throne in 1891 and later adopted the royal name "Liliuokalani". During his reign, the Security Council led European and American immigrants in Hawaii to launch a rebellion in an attempt to annex Hawaii to the United States, but the United States acquiesced. On January 17, 1893, she was overthrown by a coup by the Committee of Safety, effectively ending the monarchy, but she still retained the throne. In 1894, the Republic of Hawaii was established. On January 24, 1895, Queen Liliu'okalani was forced to abdicate after being threatened with execution for her supporters. Her supporters attempted restoration, but then the Spanish-American War broke out and Hawaii was annexed to the United States in 1898. Liliu Ookalani is also a composer and she wrote "Aloha Oe".

Leon Petrazycki (April 13, 1867 - May 15, 1931) was a famous Polish philosopher and jurist, famous for his theories of state and law.

Lech Wałęsa (Polish: Lech Wałęsa, pronunciation: [ˈlɛɣ vaˈwɛsa]; September 29, 1943 -), former Polish president, politician, human rights activist, former Solidarity leader and Nobel Peace Prize winner. Served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995. After winning Poland's presidential election in 1990, Walesa became the first democratically elected Polish president since 1926 and the first Polish president elected by direct popular vote. Walesa was originally an electrician and later became the leader of the Solidarity trade union. While working at the Lenin Shipyard, Walesa, an electrician, became a trade union activist. As a result, he was persecuted by the Polish government, placed under surveillance, fired in 1976, and arrested many times. In August 1980, he played a key role in the negotiations between striking workers and the government, leading to the groundbreaking "Gdansk Agreement" between striking workers and the government. He was also a co-founder of the Solidarity trade union, which later grew to more than 10 million members. After Poland imposed martial law and declared Solidarity an illegal organization, Walesa was arrested again. After his release, he continued his political activities and promoted the establishment of the Polish Round Table, which led to the 1989 Polish parliamentary elections and the establishment of a government led by Solidarity. Since 1980, Walesa has received hundreds of awards, honors and commendations from various countries and organizations around the world. He was named Time Magazine's Person of the Year in 1981 and in 1999 was listed as one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century. He has received more than 40 honorary doctorates, including degrees from Harvard University, Fordham University, and Columbia University, and has received dozens of the nation's highest medals, including the U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Knight's Grand Cross of the Order of Bath, and the French Legion of Honor. In 1989, Walesa became the first foreign non-head of state to address a joint session of the U.S. Congress. Since 2004, Gdansk Lech Walesa Airport has been named after him.

Renfang (November 28, 1967 -, father's surname is Xie, mother's surname is Saito, ex-husband's surname is Murata) is a Taiwanese-Japanese politician, member of the Senate, and chairman of the Congressional Countermeasures Committee of the Cadet Senate. He once served as the second representative (party leader) of the Democratic Progressive Party, a member of the Democratic Progressive Party faction Huaqihui (originating from Matsushita School of Political Science and Economics), and a member of the "New Green Wind Association" of the Japanese Senate. She was a member of the Japanese Cabinet from 2010 to 2012, during which time she was the Minister with Special Responsibilities for Administrative Reform and Consumer and Food Safety. In 2016, she was elected as a representative of the Democratic Progressive Party, making her the first woman and the first person of multi-national descent to serve as the leader of a major political party in Japanese history.

Kan (jiān) Naoto (Japanese: Naoto/intuition Naoto, Romanized: Kan Naoto, October 10, 1946 -), a Japanese politician, the 93rd deputy prime minister, the 94th prime minister (prime minister) and the representative of the Democratic Party's Permanent Council (party leader). Currently a member of the Cadet Party. Naoto Kan ran for election to Japan's House of Representatives in the late 1970s, but lost three times and was elected for the first time in 1980. When Naoto Kan became Minister of Health and Welfare in 1996, he shocked Japan by disclosing documents that the Ministry of Health and Welfare had deliberately concealed and made him famous. In September 2009, the Democratic Party became Japan's ruling party for the first time, and Naoto Kan served as deputy prime minister and concurrently as minister of economic and fiscal policy. On January 7, 2010, Naoto Kan concurrently assumed the position of Minister of Finance; on June 4, Naoto Kan was elected as the 8th representative of the Democratic Party and the 94th Prime Minister of Japan. However, in 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake, the largest disaster in Japan's history, occurred during his tenure, as well as his mishandling of the Fukushima nuclear disaster, which caused the support rate to plummet, and the Democratic Party lost one after another in the subsequent elections. On August 26, 2011, Naoto Kan announced his resignation as the representative (party leader) of the Democratic Party. He was in power for a total of 15 months. Before being interrupted by the earthquake for some reason, he was the first prime minister to serve for more than one year since Junichiro Koizumi resigned. In terms of diplomacy, he was relatively friendly to China and South Korea. During his tenure, he made the Japanese government apologize for the third time on the issue of aggression, and issued the post-war speech in 2010 despite conservatives. During the administrations of his predecessors, Hatoyama and Naoto Kan, Japan once again expressed its stance of facing history, which led to a brief recovery in Sino-Japanese relations. After leaving office, he joined the anti-nuclear movement. In 2024, Naoto Kan will not run for re-election to the House of Representatives and retire from politics.

Phineas Taylor Barnum (English: Phineas Taylor Barnum, July 5, 1810 - April 7, 1891) was an American circus agent and performer. Born on July 5, 1810 in Bethel, Connecticut, his father ran a small store. In 1842, he opened the "American Museum" in New York. It was famous for its extravagant advertisements and weird exhibits, the most famous of which was the Fiji Mermaid. He established the World Circus in 1871. He called his circus "the best show in the world." The performances included street juggling and high-level culture, such as the singing of Jenny Lind, a soprano singer from Europe known as the "Swedish Nightingale", which caused a great sensation. In 1881, he merged with his rival James Bailey to form the Barnum and Bailey Circus, also known as the Ringling Circus. Barnum has been touring the United States with his circus. His circus is full of all kinds of incredible magical exhibits, such as General Tom Thumb (a 60-centimeter-tall dwarf) and the Siamese twins. During the tour, his train always arrived two weeks earlier than his circus. His photo hung on the train. It is said that his last words before his death were: "How is the income at Madison Square Garden today?" After his death, he was buried in Mountain Grove Cemetery. His circus was transferred to the Lingling Brothers for $400,000 in 1907. Barnum was famous for his cruel treatment of animals. In 1882, he purchased the long-abused African elephant Jumbo (Elephant Jinbao) from the London Zoo in England to make money with his circus tour. Three years later, during the transportation process, Jumbo was hit by a train due to negligence of the circus personnel and died on the spot. The owner of the circus, Barnum, decided to display his bones as a specimen to continue to search for wealth.

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (Spanish: Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz; August 13, 1926 - November 25, 2016) was a Cuban politician and strategist, the leader of the Cuban revolution, the main founder of the Cuban Communist Party, socialist Cuba and the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces. He served as the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, Chairman of the Cuban Council of State and Chairman of the Cuban Council of Ministers. In June 2005, Castro was hospitalized due to illness, and his brother Raul Castro, who had long served as deputy and then first vice president, temporarily took over as chairman of the Council of State. Raul Castro officially assumed the post of President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers in 2008. Fidel Castro publicly stated on February 19, 2008 that he would no longer seek the position of President of Cuba's Council of State, but in fact he had transferred power to Raúl two years earlier. Fidel Castro published a public article in 2011 stating that he had resigned from all positions five years ago, that is, he had handed over power in 2006. The Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba, held at the International Conference Palace in Havana from April 16 to 19, 2011, elected a new leadership body of the Communist Party of Cuba. Raul Castro was officially elected as the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, and José Machado was the second secretary. Fidel Castro officially retired. Fidel Castro passed away at 22:29 on November 25, 2016, Cuba time (11:29 on November 26 in the East 8th District) at the age of 90. His political ideology became known as Castroism.

Kayano Shigeru (Japanese: hair / Kayano Shigeru, Romanized: Kayano Shigeru, June 15, 1926 - May 6, 2006), Japanese Ainu, senator, Ainu language scholar, leader of the Ainu national movement.

Xiao San (October 10, 1896 - February 4, 1983), formerly known as Xiao Kesen, also named Ziyi, was named Xiao Zhifan when he was studying. His pen names include Tianguang, Emi Siao, etc., male, from Xiangxiang, Hunan, and a modern Chinese poet. Member of the Communist Party of China. A classmate of Mao Zedong's early years in primary school and normal school. One of the main Chinese translators of the lyrics of "The Internationale". His major works include the biography "Comrade Mao Zedong's Youth" (1951), poetry collections "The Road to Peace" (1952), "The Road to Friendship" (1959), "Selected Poems of Xiao San" (1960) and "Fulin Collection" (1963). The edited "Poems of Revolutionary Martyrs" and its sequel are also widely circulated.

Xiao Jun (July 3, 1907 - June 22, 1988), formerly known as Liu Honglin, used to be Liu Yinfei, Liu Yujie, Liu Weitian, Liu Yuzhu. In addition to "Xiao Jun", his pen names include Blushing Sanlang, Tian Jun, Sanlang, Lang Hua, etc., male, native of Jinzhou, Liaoning, Chinese left-wing writer, leader of the "Northeast Writers Group".

Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (Spanish: Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens, Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [salβaˈðoɾ ɣiˈʝeɾmo aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; June 26, 1908 – September 11, 1973) was a Chilean politician and doctor. As a democratic socialist, he is regarded as the first elected Marxist and socialist president in Latin America. Allende took office in 1970 and was killed in a CIA-backed military coup on September 11, 1973. Chile then entered Pinochet's 17-year military dictatorship. His political thought became known as Allendeism. Salvador Allende has been involved in Chilean political activities for nearly 40 years, during which he served as a senator, congressman and cabinet minister. A lifelong member of the Chilean Socialist Party - which he actively participated in its founding - he lost the presidential elections in 1952, 1958 and 1964. In 1970, he won a fierce three-way election as the candidate of the People's United Alliance, and because no candidate obtained an absolute majority, he was eventually elected president by a congressional vote. During his tenure, Allende pursued his so-called "Chilean Road to Socialism" policy. However, there were serious differences within the coalition government: Allende insisted on democracy and represented the more moderate wing of the Socialist Party, while the radical wing of the party advocated more radical changes; at the same time, the Chilean Communist Party advocated a gradual and cautious strategy, hoping to cooperate with the Christian Democrats, a strategy that would later have an impact on the Italian Communist Party and its "historic compromise" policy. During his tenure as president, Allende worked to nationalize major industries, expand investment in education, and improve the living standards of the working class. He repeatedly clashed with the right-wing parties that controlled Congress and the judicial system. On September 11, 1973, the Chilean military, led by Augusto Pinochet, staged a coup to overthrow Allende with support from the CIA, although the CIA initially denied the accusation. In 2000, the CIA admitted its involvement in the 1970 kidnapping of General Rene Schneider, who had refused to use the military to prevent Allende from taking office. Documents declassified in 2023 show that U.S. President Richard Nixon, who once characterized Allende as a dangerous communist, National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger, and the U.S. Government

Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина II; May 2, 1729 - November 17, 1796), commonly known as Catherine the Great (Russian: Екатерина Великая), or translated into English as Catherine II or Catherine the Great (Catherine the Great) Great), Empress of Russia (reigned 1762-1796), was the wife of Emperor Peter III. She became empress after deposing her husband through a coup. Her 34-year reign made her the longest-reigning monarch in the history of the Russian Empire. Under his rule Russia experienced a renaissance, reached its peak and became a world power. Catherine often relied on the assistance of her favored nobles, such as Orlov and Potemkin, both during her accession to the throne and during her reign. With the support of generals such as Suvorov, Rumyantsev, and Ushakov, the Russian Empire under Catherine expanded rapidly through military and diplomatic means. In the south, Russia defeated the Ottoman Empire and defeated the Crimean Khanate through the Russo-Turkish War, and colonized a vast area of ​​the Black Sea and the Sea of ​​Azov (i.e. New Russia); in the west, Catherine arranged for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled by her lover Stanislaw August to be carved up, and Russia gained the largest area of ​​territory; in the east, Russia began to colonize Alaska, and established Russian North America during the reign of her son Paul I. Catherine reformed the administrative divisions and many new towns were built under her orders. Following the footsteps of Peter the Great, whom she admired, she continued to modernize Russia according to the Western European model. However, conscription and the economy were still based on serfdom. The needs of the country and landowners became increasingly dependent on serfs, which led to many rebellions, such as the Pugachev uprising of peasants and Cossacks. Catherine's reign is known as the "Catherine Era" and is often considered the golden age of the Russian Empire and Russian nobility. The "Declaration of Freedom of the Nobility" promulgated by Peter III during his reign and confirmed and continued by Catherine liberated the nobility from compulsory military service and state duties. Catherine promoted the construction of many classicist aristocratic buildings and changed the face of Russia. She was an ardent supporter of the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, earning her the title of Enlightened Despot. Catherine also supported the arts and promoted the development of the Russian Enlightenment. Smolny Palace, established during this period, was the first state-funded higher education institution for women in Europe.

Ip Kin-yuen (English: Ip Kin-yuen, born December 4, 1961), educator, chairman of the Hong Kong Small Class Teaching Association, former middle school teacher, middle school principal, college lecturer, former member of the education functional group of the Hong Kong Legislative Council, and vice president of the Hong Kong Education Professionals Association. On July 25, 2016, Ye Jianyuan announced his participation in the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election (education functional constituency) and was subsequently successfully re-elected.

Ge Yiyuan (July 1918 - March 8, 1998), a native of Xiangtan, Hunan, was an intelligence agent installed by the Communist Party of China within the National Government of the Republic of China. In 1940, he was ordered to infiltrate the Kuomintang military system and was highly regarded. He used his status as a senior military official for a long time to gain access to a large number of Kuomintang secrets. Cooperating with Shen Anna, who is also a CCP sleeper intelligence agent, he collected and provided a large amount of confidential information to the Chinese Communist Party, and provided a complete list of changes in the military command organization and personnel after Dai Li's death (the experience of the protagonist Yu Zecheng in the Chinese TV series "Liberating" is partly a true portrayal of Ge Yiyuan's military command lurking). After Ge Yiyuan completed his espionage work, Dong Biwu proved his identity and was awarded the CCP collective order. Dong Biwu also praised his spouse Wu Deming as an "unsung hero." After liberation, Ge Yiyuan held leadership positions in the National Security (Investigation Department) and the United Front System for a long time until his retirement. He once served as director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the United Front Work Department of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and deputy director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China. Ge Yiyuan is "a senior intelligence officer of the Communist Party of China undercover the Kuomintang military command. In 1940, he was ordered to infiltrate the Kuomintang military command system. He was one of the 72 wise men and thirteen Taibao under Dai Li."

Ge Hongsheng (October 1931 - January 30, 2020), male, Han nationality, from Junan, Shandong. Member of the Communist Party of China, political figure of the People's Republic of China, and former governor of the People's Government of Zhejiang Province.

Dong Baotong (January 1967-), a native of Shenxian County, Hebei Province, Han nationality, a member of the Communist Party of China. Politician of the People's Republic of China and representative of Yunnan Province at the 13th National People's Congress. He currently serves as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, member of the Party Leadership Group, and Director of the National Nuclear Safety Administration.

Dong Qichang (February 10, 1555-October 26, 1636), whose courtesy name was Xuanzai, also known as Sibai, Siweng, and Xiangguang Jushi, was a native of Huating County (now Songjiang District, Shanghai) under the direct administration of the Communist Party of China. Ming Dynasty politician, calligrapher and painter. Wanli Jichou became a Jinshi and became the Minister of Rites in Nanjing, the remaining capital (after Yongle, the Ming Dynasty had two capitals and two sets of governments, Beijing and Nanjing. Nanjing could only govern Nanjing and Nanzhili). Together with Xing Dong, Zhang Ruitu and Mi Wanzhong, they are collectively known as the four late Ming dynasties.

Dong Mingzhu (August 12, 1954 -), a native of Nanjing, Jiangsu, is an entrepreneur in the People's Republic of China and currently serves as the chairman of Zhuhai Gree Electric Co., Ltd. Representative to the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th National People's Congress, member of the Central Standing Committee of the 9th China Democratic National Construction Association.

Dong Lianghui (1941-), Han nationality, politician of the People's Republic of China, member of the Communist Party of China, former member of the Party Leadership Group and Secretary of the Secretariat of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and member of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The daughter of Dong Biwu.