Scholars

Yu Qiuyu (August 23, 1946 -), a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang, China, is a contemporary writer and scholar. Graduated from the Department of Drama Literature of Shanghai Theater Academy in 1968. His collection of cultural essays occupied a very important position among the best-selling books in mainland China from the 1990s to the beginning of the 21st century, and also had a great influence in Taiwan, Hong Kong and other places.

Pedro da Fonseca (1528-1599) was a Portuguese Jesuit in Renaissance Europe. One of the famous theologians. In the 16th century, he was the honorary president of the University of Évora, and later he worked in Rome for a long time. He helped Luis de Molina create Molinaism.

Herbert Paul Grice (Herbert Paul Grice, March 13, 1913 - August 28, 1988) was a famous British philosopher who belonged to the school of analytic philosophy and whose works mainly focused on the philosophy of language.

Paul Anthony Samuelson (English: Paul Anthony Samuelson, May 15, 1915 - December 13, 2009), was born in Gary, Indiana, United States. He was an economist specializing in mathematical economics, international trade, etc. He was one of the founders of the neoclassical comprehensive school. He was one of the important academic leaders in the promotion of the Keynesian school in the United States and a representative of the Saltwater School. Paul Samuelson entered the University of Chicago at the age of 16 and later received his PhD from Harvard University. He became an assistant professor of economics at MIT at the age of 25 and a full professor at the age of 32. In 1947, he proposed the comparative static economic analysis method in his book "Foundation of Economic Analysis" and won the John Bates Clark Award in the same year. "Economics - Introductory Analysis" was published in 1948. It was the second economics textbook in the United States that focused on the Keynesian school, and was also the first textbook to successfully promote the Keynesian school. It has become the best-selling economics textbook in history. It is now in its 19th edition, has been translated into 40 languages, and has sold nearly four million copies worldwide. He made the Economics Department of MIT a major economics center in the United States and cultivated many outstanding economists, such as Paul Krugman, Robert C. Merton, Joseph Stiglitz and others, many of whom would later win the Nobel Prize in Economics. Samuelson served as an economic adviser to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Johnson, and as an adviser to the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the President's Council of Economic Advisers. He once wrote a weekly column with Milton Friedman in Newsweek. The two discussed economic policy as supporters of the Keynesian school and the monetary school respectively. He won the second Nobel Prize in Economics in 1970 and was the first American scholar to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. Received the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1996.

Claudia Goldin (English: Claudia Goldin, May 14, 1946 -), American economic historian, labor economist, Henry Lee Emeritus Professor of Economics at Harvard University, from 1989 to 2017, served as director of the U.S. Economic Development Project at the National Institute for Economic Research and leader of the Gender Economics Research Group. His research topics cover a wide range of topics, including the female workforce, the gender pay gap, income inequality, technological change, education, and immigration, most of which interpret the present through a historical perspective while exploring the roots of current social concerns. During the 2013-2014 academic year, Claudia served as President of the American Economic Association. In 1990, Claudia became the first female tenured professor in the Department of Economics at Harvard University. Won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2023 for “improving the public’s understanding of women’s labor market earnings.”

Claude Lévi-Strauss (French: Claude Lévi-Strauss, November 28, 1908 - October 30, 2009) was a famous French anthropologist who, together with Fraser and Boas, is known as the "Father of Modern Anthropology". The structuralism and mythology he constructed not only deeply influenced anthropology, but also had a profound impact on sociology, philosophy, linguistics and other disciplines.

Xie Bingying (September 5, 1906 - January 5, 2000), formerly known as Xie Minggang, with the courtesy name Fengbao, was born in Duoshan Town, Xinhua, Hunan (now part of Lengshuijiang City). Professor at the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, National Taiwan Normal University. Modern female literary writer. According to statistics, she published more than 80 kinds of novels, essays, travel notes, letters and other works in her lifetime, nearly 400 books, and more than 20 million words. His representative work "Autobiography of a Female Soldier" has been translated into more than 10 languages ​​including English, French, German and Japanese.

Henry Home, Lord Kames (English: Henry Home, Lord Kames, December 27, 1696 - December 27, 1782) was a Scottish judge, philosopher, writer, agricultural reformer, and a major figure in the Scottish Enlightenment.

Liu Yunhao (1971-) is the dean of the Global Innovation Institute (GIX) of Tsinghua University and a professor of the Department of Automation. He is mainly engaged in research work in the Internet of Things and Industrial Internet. He was selected as a distinguished professor of the Yangtze River Scholars Award Program of the Ministry of Education of China in 2011. He also served as the dean of the School of Software at Tsinghua University from 2013 to 2017.

Lawrence Robert Klein (English: Lawrence Robert Klein, September 14, 1920 - October 20, 2013), born in Omaha, Nebraska, United States, is a famous economist who serves as a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and the winner of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Economics.

Dolma Kyab (Tibetan: Dolma Kyab, born in 1976) is a Tibetan writer and teacher, a native of Amdo Aro, Qilian County, Qinghai Province, China, and the author of "The Turbulent Himalayas".

Robert Cummings Neville, born May 1, 1939, is an American philosopher and a representative figure of Confucianism in Boston. He is currently a professor of philosophy, religious studies and theology at the School of Religion at Boston University and chairman of the executive committee of the International Society for Chinese Philosophy. Research areas include philosophy, comparative philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Nanleshan pays attention to Chinese philosophy and published "Boston Confucianism" in 2000, officially establishing the school with the aim of seeking the possibility of dialogue between Confucianism and Western philosophy. The etiquette advocated by Confucianism (especially Xunzi) is the basis for mutual respect among various civilizations, allowing two or more objects to interact, and "naturalizing the artificial."

Cassius Longinus (Greek: Κάσσιος Λογγῖνος; 213–273) was a famous Greek rhetorician and philosopher. He served as an adviser to Queen Zenobia. After Aurelian captured Palmyra, he was executed for supporting Queen Zenobia. There are fragments of his works handed down to the world. He was once regarded as the author of "On the Sublime", but this is generally not considered so now.

Carl von Linné (Swedish: Carl von Linné; May 23, 1707 - January 10, 1778), also translated as Linne, Linnaeus, formerly known as Carl Linnaeus, was a Swedish biologist, founder and first president of the Swedish Academy of Sciences. Linnaeus laid the foundation for modern biological nomenclature and is known as the father of modern biological taxonomy. In addition, Linnaeus is also considered the father of modern ecology. His works were often written in Latin, and his name was written in Latin as Carolus Linnæus (after 1761 as Carolus a Linné). Linnaeus was born in 1707 in a small village in Småland in southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began teaching botany in 1730. From 1735 to 1738, lived and conducted research abroad. He published the first edition of Systema Naturae in the Netherlands. Afterwards, he returned to Uppsala, Sweden, where he served as professor of medicine and botany. In the 1740s, he traveled throughout Sweden collecting and classifying various plants and animals. During the 1750s and 1760s, he continued to collect and classify various flora and fauna, publishing the results in several volumes. When he died, he was one of Europe's most acclaimed scientists. He believes in creationism. The Swiss philosopher Rousseau wrote to Linnaeus, "Tell him that I know of no greater man on earth than he." The German scholar Goethe wrote: "Except for Shakespeare and Spinoza, no other ancestor has a stronger influence on me than Linnaeus." Swedish writer Strindberg said: "Linnaeus was actually a poet, but he happened to become a naturalist." In addition to these praises, Linnaeus was also called the "Prince of Botany", "Natural History of the North", and "The Second Adam". In botany, L. is used as the abbreviation for Linnaeus' authorship. In some older publications, Linnaeus' authorial name is sometimes shortened to "Linn."

Sir Karl Raimund Popper (English: Sir Karl Raimund Popper, July 28, 1902 - September 17, 1994), Austrian-British philosopher, critic and liberal thinker; the founder of critical rationalism and a representative figure in the philosophy of science. Popper's most famous theory lies in his criticism of the classic observation-induction method and proposed the criterion of "falsification from experiments": distinguishing "scientific" from "non-scientific". Politically, he supported democracy and liberalism and proposed a series of social criticism rules to lay the theoretical foundation for an "open society".

Carl Gustav Jung (German: Carl Gustav Jung, July 26, 1875 - June 6, 1961), also translated as Jung or Young, was a Swiss psychologist, psychiatrist, and the founder of analytical psychology. Jung is a scholar who has learned both East and West and has written numerous books. He has received high praise in the world of psychology and is one of the originators of psychology.

Karl Leonhard Reinhold (German: Karl Leonhard Reinhold, October 26, 1757 - April 10, 1823) was an Austrian neo-Kantian philosopher who popularized Kant's works in the 18th century and had an influence on German idealism, especially Johann Gottlieb Fichte. His works include "A New Essay on the Human Imagination" in 1789 and "The Foundations of Philosophical Knowledge" in 1791.

Karl Marx, German political philosopher, economist, journalist and revolutionary. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet "The Communist Manifesto" co-authored with Friedrich Engels, and his lifelong work, the three-volume "Das Kapital" (1867–1894), which provided a critical analysis of classical political economy with his theory of historical materialism. Marx's thought and its subsequent development are collectively referred to as "Marxism" and have had a profound impact on later generations.

Lu Qiang (May 19, 1936 - December 23, 2022), male, Wuweiren, Anhui Province, is an expert in automatic control and power system dynamics in China and a professor at Tsinghua University.

Guido Wilhelmus Imbens (English: Guido Wilhelmus Imbens, born September 3, 1963) is a Dutch-American economist. He has been a professor of economics at the Stanford Graduate School of Business since 2012. He has taught at Harvard University, the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of California, Berkeley. Inbens, who received his PhD from Brown University in 1991, specializes in econometrics, especially methods for depicting causal inferences. From 2019 to 2023, he served as editor of the journal "Econometrics". Imbens was elected as a fellow of the Econometric Society in 2001, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2009, a fellow of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2017, and a fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2020. In 2021, he and Joshua Angrist won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in recognition of their methodological contributions to causality analysis.

Gilles Louis René Deleuze (French: Gilles Louis René Deleuze, French pronunciation: [ʒil lwi ʁəne dəløz]; January 18, 1925 – November 4, 1995) was a French postmodernist philosopher.

Gilbert Romeyer-Dherbey (French: Gilbert Romeyer-Dherbey, born in 1934) is a French philosopher who was a student of the École normale supérieure de Fontenay-Saint-Cloud. He is an expert in the history of ancient philosophy and has long taught at the Sorbonne University in Paris (Paris IV), where he led the Center Léon Roban. Robin) from 1991 to 2002. In addition, he is an expert on Mann de Billan.

Tohti Tuyaz (October 1, 1951 - 2015) was born in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. He graduated from the Minzu University of China and the University of Tokyo. He is a Uyghur historian and writer.

Wu Mi (August 20, 1894 - January 17, 1978), whose original name was Yuheng, later changed to Tuoman, and then Mi, also known as Yusheng, also known as Yuseng, and pen name Yusheng, was born in Jingyang, Shaanxi Province, a comparative writer, a Western writer, and a representative of the Xueheng School.